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We develop a unified quantum framework for subgraph counting in graphs. We encode a graph on $N$ vertices into a quantum state on $2\lceil \log_2 N \rceil$ working qubits and $2$ ancilla qubits using its adjacency list, with worst-case gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-22 Bibhas Adhikari

As consequences of disruptions in railway traffic affect passenger experience/satisfaction, appropriate rerouting and/or rescheduling is necessary. These problems are known to be NP-hard, given the numerous restrictions of traffic nature.…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Krzysztof Domino , Akash Kundu , Özlem Salehi , Krzysztof Krawiec

Architectures for quantum computing based on neutral atoms have risen to prominence as candidates for both near and long-term applications. These devices are particularly well suited to solve independent set problems, as the combinatorial…

In the past years, many quantum algorithms have been proposed to tackle hard combinatorial problems. In particular, the Maximum Independent Set (MIS) is a known NP-hard problem that can be naturally encoded in Rydberg atom arrays. By…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-26 Constantin Dalyac , Louis-Paul Henry , Minhyuk Kim , Jaewook Ahn , Loïc Henriet

Benchmarking Quantum Process Units (QPU) at an application level usually requires considering the whole programming stack of the quantum computer. One critical task is the minor-embedding (resp. transpilation) step, which involves…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-02 Valentin Gilbert , Julien Rodriguez , Stéphane Louise

Matching problems on 3D shapes and images are challenging as they are frequently formulated as combinatorial quadratic assignment problems (QAPs) with permutation matrix constraints, which are NP-hard. In this work, we address such problems…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Marcel Seelbach Benkner , Vladislav Golyanik , Christian Theobalt , Michael Moeller

With the current progress of quantum computing, quantum annealing is being introduced as a powerful method to solve hard computational problems. In this paper, we study the potential capability of quantum annealing in solving the phase…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-20 Mohammad Kashfi Haghighi , Nikitas Dimopoulos

Quantum-mechanical phenomena are playing an increasing role in information processing, as transistor sizes approach the nanometer level, and quantum circuits and data encoding methods appear in the securest forms of communication.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 George F. Viamontes , Igor L. Markov , John P. Hayes

Recent hardware demonstrations and advances in circuit compilation have made quantum computing with higher-dimensional systems (qudits) on near-term devices an attractive possibility. Some problems have more natural or optimal encodings…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-17 Gabriel Bottrill , Mudit Pandey , Olivia Di Matteo

Quantum annealing aims at solving optimization problems of practical relevance using quantum-computing hardware. Problems of interest are typically formulated in terms of quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) Hamiltonians.…

We introduce a framework for mapping NP-Hard problems to adiabatic quantum computing (AQC) architectures that are heavily restricted in both connectivity and dynamic range of couplings, for which minor-embedding -- the standard problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-13 Gary J. Mooney , Sam U. Y. Tonetto , Charles D. Hill , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

Quantum annealing (QA) has emerged as a powerful technique to solve optimization problems by taking advantages of quantum physics. In QA process, a bottleneck that may prevent QA to scale up is minor embedding step in which we embed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-06 Hoang M. Ngo , Tamer Kahveci , My T. Thai

There is a large ongoing research effort towards obtaining a quantum advantage in the solution of combinatorial optimization problems on near-term quantum devices. A particularly promising platform for testing and developing quantum…

Combinatorial optimization is considered a promising class of problems in which quantum computers can show significant advantages. However, problems of practical relevance typically have more variables than current or foreseeable quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Mathias Schmid , Naeimeh Mohseni , Michael J. Hartmann

On neutral atom platforms, preparing specific quantum states is usually achieved by pulse shaping, i.e., by optimizing the time-dependence of the Hamiltonian related to the system. This process can be extremely costly, as it requires…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-03 Wesley da Silva Coelho , Mauro D'Arcangelo , Louis-Paul Henry

The Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) modeling and solution framework is a requirement for quantum and digital annealers. However optimality for QUBO problems of any practical size is extremely difficult to achieve. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Amit Verma , Mark Lewis

The Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) model has gained prominence in recent years with the discovery that it unifies a rich variety of combinatorial optimization problems. By its association with the Ising problem in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Fred Glover , Gary Kochenberger , Yu Du

The advent of quantum computing processors with possibility to scale beyond experimental capacities magnifies the importance of studying their applications. Combinatorial optimization problems can be one of the promising applications of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-08-18 Ehsan Zahedinejad , Arman Zaribafiyan

Quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problems are well-studied, not least because they can be approached using contemporary quantum annealing or classical hardware acceleration. However, due to limited precision and hardware…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-06 Sascha Mücke , Thore Gerlach , Nico Piatkowski

Quantum annealing is a type of analog computation that aims to use quantum mechanical fluctuations in search of optimal solutions of QUBO (quadratic unconstrained binary optimization) or, equivalently, Ising problems. Since NP-hard problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-04-14 Elijah Pelofske , Georg Hahn , Hristo N. Djidjev
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