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Generative large vision-language models (LVLMs) have recently achieved impressive performance gains, and their user base is growing rapidly. However, the security of LVLMs, in particular in a long-context multi-turn setting, is largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Christian Schlarmann , Matthias Hein

Over the past decade, there has been extensive research aimed at enhancing the robustness of neural networks, yet this problem remains vastly unsolved. Here, one major impediment has been the overestimation of the robustness of new defense…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Leo Schwinn , David Dobre , Stephan Günnemann , Gauthier Gidel

Large language models (LLMs) are now highly capable at a diverse range of tasks. This paper studies whether or not GPT-4, one such LLM, is capable of assisting researchers in the field of adversarial machine learning. As a case study, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Nicholas Carlini

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have witnessed a surge in both research and real-world applications. However, as they are becoming increasingly prevalent, ensuring their robustness against adversarial attacks is paramount. This work…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Rishika Bhagwatkar , Shravan Nayak , Reza Bayat , Alexis Roger , Daniel Z Kaplan , Pouya Bashivan , Irina Rish

The field of adversarial robustness has long established that adversarial examples can successfully transfer between image classifiers and that text jailbreaks can successfully transfer between language models (LMs). However, a pair of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Isha Gupta , Rylan Schaeffer , Joshua Kazdan , Ken Ziyu Liu , Sanmi Koyejo

Multimodal Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, particularly Vision-Language Models (VLMs), have become integral to critical applications ranging from autonomous decision-making to automated document processing. As these systems scale,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 M Zeeshan , Saud Satti

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a transformative leap in artificial intelligence, enabling the comprehension, generation, and nuanced interaction with human language on an unparalleled scale. However, LLMs are increasingly vulnerable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Nan Wang , Kane Walter , Yansong Gao , Alsharif Abuadbba

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have remarkable abilities in generating multimodal reasoning tasks. However, potential misuse or safety alignment concerns of VLMs have increased significantly due to different categories of attack vectors.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Md Jueal Mia , M. Hadi Amini

Visual Language Models (VLMs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, especially those from adversarial images, which is however under-explored in literature. To facilitate research on this critical safety problem, we first construct a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Youcheng Huang , Fengbin Zhu , Jingkun Tang , Pan Zhou , Wenqiang Lei , Jiancheng Lv , Tat-Seng Chua

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) integrate visual information into large language models, showcasing remarkable multi-modal conversational capabilities. However, the visual modules introduces new challenges in terms of robustness for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Yubo Wang , Chaohu Liu , Yanqiu Qu , Haoyu Cao , Deqiang Jiang , Linli Xu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are now a core part of modern AI. Recent work proposed several visual jailbreak attacks using single/ holistic images. However, contemporary VLMs demonstrate strong robustness against such attacks due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Md Rafi Ur Rashid , MD Sadik Hossain Shanto , Vishnu Asutosh Dasu , Shagufta Mehnaz

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are increasingly being deployed as automated content moderators. Within this landscape, we uncover a critical threat: Adversarial Smuggling Attacks. Unlike adversarial perturbations (for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Zhiheng Li , Zongyang Ma , Yuntong Pan , Ziqi Zhang , Xiaolei Lv , Bo Li , Jun Gao , Jianing Zhang , Chunfeng Yuan , Bing Li , Weiming Hu

Vision-language models (VLMs) extend the conventional large language models by integrating visual data, enabling richer multimodal reasoning and significantly broadens the practical applications of AI. However, including visual inputs also…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Daulet Toibazar , Kesen Wang , Sherif Mohamed , Abdulaziz Al-Badawi , Abdulrahman Alfulayt , Pedro J. Moreno

Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) integrate visual data processing, expanding their real-world applications, but also increasing the risk of generating unsafe responses. In response, leading companies have implemented Multi-Layered…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yijun Yang , Lichao Wang , Xiao Yang , Lanqing Hong , Jun Zhu

To guarantee safe and robust deployment of large language models (LLMs) at scale, it is critical to accurately assess their adversarial robustness. Existing adversarial attacks typically target harmful responses in single-point greedy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Tim Beyer , Yan Scholten , Leo Schwinn , Stephan Günnemann

We study typographic prompt injection attacks on vision-language models (VLMs), where adversarial text is rendered as images to bypass safety mechanisms, posing a growing threat as VLMs serve as the perceptual backbone of autonomous agents,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Ravikumar Balakrishnan , Sanket Mendapara , Ankit Garg

Autonomous agentic AI systems powered by vision-language models (VLMs) are rapidly advancing toward real-world deployment, yet their cross-modal reasoning capabilities introduce new attack surfaces for adversarial manipulation that exploit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Hangoo Kang , Jehyeok Yeon , Gagandeep Singh

Vision-language models (VLMs) have advanced rapidly in processing multimodal information, but their ability to reconcile conflicting signals across modalities remains underexplored. This work investigates how VLMs process ASCII art, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Zhaochen Wang , Bryan Hooi , Yiwei Wang , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Zi Huang , Yujun Cai

Convolutional neural networks have been used to achieve a string of successes during recent years, but their lack of interpretability remains a serious issue. Adversarial examples are designed to deliberately fool neural networks into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Jan Philip Göpfert , André Artelt , Heiko Wersing , Barbara Hammer

The progress of AI systems such as large language models (LLMs) raises increasingly pressing concerns about their safe deployment. This paper examines the value alignment problem for LLMs, arguing that current alignment strategies are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Raphaël Millière