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Modeling strong gravitational lenses in order to quantify the distortions in the images of background sources and to reconstruct the mass density in the foreground lenses has traditionally been a difficult computational challenge. As the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-05 Alexandre Adam , Laurence Perreault-Levasseur , Yashar Hezaveh

Recently, deep learning-based denoising approaches have led to dramatic improvements in low sample-count Monte Carlo rendering. These approaches are aimed at path tracing, which is not ideal for simulating challenging light transport…

Graphics · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Shilin Zhu , Zexiang Xu , Henrik Wann Jensen , Hao Su , Ravi Ramamoorthi

Training autonomous vehicles requires lots of driving sequences in all situations\cite{zhao2016}. Typically a simulation environment (software-in-the-loop, SiL) accompanies real-world test drives to systematically vary environmental…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-01-09 Christian Wittpahl , Hatem Ben Zakour , Matthias Lehmann , Alexander Braun

Recently, the joint design of optical systems and downstream algorithms is showing significant potential. However, existing rays-described methods are limited to optimizing geometric degradation, making it difficult to fully represent the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Zheng Ren , Jingwen Zhou , Wenguan Zhang , Jiapu Yan , Bingkun Chen , Huajun Feng , Shiqi Chen

Semantic segmentation algorithms that can robustly segment objects across multiple camera viewpoints are crucial for assuring navigation and safety in emerging applications such as autonomous driving. Existing algorithms treat each image in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-04 Brigit Schroeder , Hanlin Tang , Alexandre Alahi

Coarse-grained simulations of conjugated polymers have become a popular way of investigating the device physics of organic photovoltaics. While UV-Vis spectroscopy remains one of key experimental methods for the interrogation of these…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2019-09-10 Lena Simine , Thomas C. Allen , Peter J. Rossky

Mask-based lensless imagers are smaller and lighter than traditional lensed cameras. In these imagers, the sensor does not directly record an image of the scene; rather, a computational algorithm reconstructs it. Typically, mask-based…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-27 Kristina Monakhova , Joshua Yurtsever , Grace Kuo , Nick Antipa , Kyrollos Yanny , Laura Waller

Combining image sensor simulation tools (e.g., ISETCam) with physically based ray tracing (e.g., PBRT) offers possibilities for designing and evaluating novel imaging systems as well as for synthesizing physically accurate, labeled images…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-29 Thomas Goossens , Zheng Lyu , Jamyuen Ko , Gordon Wan , Joyce Farrell , Brian Wandell

Object-level Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM), which incorporates semantic information for high-level scene understanding, faces challenges of under-constrained optimization due to sparse observations. Prior work has introduced…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Yang Jiao , Yiding Qiu , Henrik I. Christensen

One of the main factors that contributed to the large advances in autonomous driving is the advent of deep learning. For safer self-driving vehicles, one of the problems that has yet to be solved completely is lane detection. Since methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Lucas Tabelini , Rodrigo Berriel , Thiago M. Paixão , Claudine Badue , Alberto F. De Souza , Thiago Oliveira-Santos

Superlenses made of plasmonic materials and metamaterials have been exploited to image features of sub-diffractional scale. However, their intrinsic losses impose a serious restriction on the imaging resolution, which is a long-standing…

Classical Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Fuxin Guan , Kebo Zeng , Zhaoyu Nie , Xiangdong Guo , Shaojie Ma , Qing Dai , John B. Pendry , Xiang Zhang , Shuang Zhang

Underwater environments pose significant challenges due to the selective absorption and scattering of light by water, which affects image clarity, contrast, and color fidelity. To overcome these, we introduce OceanLens, a method that models…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-21 Rajini Makam , Dhatri Shankari T M , Sharanya Patil , Suresh Sundram

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present a framework to predict visual acuity (VA) based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) and to further to compare PAL designs. Method: A simple two hidden layer CNN was trained to classify…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-22 Alexander Leube , Lukas Lang , Gerhard Kelch , Siegfried Wahl

The field of computational imaging has witnessed a promising paradigm shift with the emergence of untrained neural networks, offering novel solutions to inverse computational imaging problems. While existing techniques have demonstrated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-28 Abeer Banerjee , Sanjay Singh

The need to recognise long-term dependencies in sequential data such as video streams has made Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks a prominent Artificial Intelligence model for many emerging applications. However, the high computational…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-31 Alexandros Kouris , Stylianos I. Venieris , Michail Rizakis , Christos-Savvas Bouganis

We give new evidence that quantum computers -- moreover, rudimentary quantum computers built entirely out of linear-optical elements -- cannot be efficiently simulated by classical computers. In particular, we define a model of computation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-11-16 Scott Aaronson , Alex Arkhipov

Gravitational lensing is one of the most powerful probes of dark matter, yet creating high-fidelity lensed images at scale remains a bottleneck. Existing tools rely on ray-tracing or forward-modeling pipelines that, while precise, are…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-17 Hamees Sayed , Pranath Reddy , Michael W. Toomey , Sergei Gleyzer

Modeling of microlensing events poses computational challenges for the resolution of the lens equation and the high dimensionality of the parameter space. In particular, numerical noise represents a severe limitation to fast and efficient…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-19 V. Bozza , V. Saggese , G. Covone , P. Rota , J. Zhang

In ultrasound tomography, the speed of sound inside an object is estimated based on acoustic measurements carried out by sensors surrounding the object. An accurate forward model is a prominent factor for high-quality image reconstruction,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-24 Janne Koponen , Timo Lähivaara , Jari Kaipio , Marko Vauhkonen

Optical aberrations significantly degrade image quality in microscopy, particularly when imaging deeper into samples. These aberrations arise from distortions in the optical wavefront and can be mathematically represented using Zernike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Yong En Kok , Bowen Deng , Alexander Bentley , Andrew J. Parkes , Michael G. Somekh , Amanda J. Wright , Michael P. Pound