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Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) set the state of the art in visual generation, yet their quadratic self-attention cost fundamentally limits scaling to long token sequences. Recent Top-K sparse attention approaches reduce the computation of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yifan Zhou , Zeqi Xiao , Tianyi Wei , Shuai Yang , Xingang Pan

Channel attention mechanisms have been commonly applied in many visual tasks for effective performance improvement. It is able to reinforce the informative channels as well as to suppress the useless channels. Recently, different channel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-11 Jiyang Xie , Dongliang Chang , Zhanyu Ma , Guoqiang Zhang , Jun Guo

Self-attention in Transformers relies on globally normalized softmax weights, causing all tokens to compete for influence at every layer. When composed across depth, this interaction pattern induces strong synchronization dynamics that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Jingkun Liu , Yisong Yue , Max Welling , Yue Song

This paper introduces Exact Linear Attention (ELA), a mechanism that achieves linear computational complexity for Transformer attention by exploiting the exact decomposition property of kernel functions, thereby eliminating approximation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Weinuo Ou

Large models based on the Transformer architecture are susceptible to extreme-token phenomena, such as attention sinks and value-state drains. These issues, which degrade model performance, quantization fidelity, and interpretability, arise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Rui Bu , Haofeng Zhong , Wenzheng Chen , Yangyan Li

The computational burden of attention in long-context language models has motivated two largely independent lines of work: sparse attention mechanisms that reduce complexity by attending to selected tokens, and gated attention variants that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Alfred Shen , Aaron Shen

Visual Attention Networks (VAN) with Large Kernel Attention (LKA) modules have been shown to provide remarkable performance, that surpasses Vision Transformers (ViTs), on a range of vision-based tasks. However, the depth-wise convolutional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Kin Wai Lau , Lai-Man Po , Yasar Abbas Ur Rehman

We present an approach to modifying Transformer architectures by integrating graph-aware relational reasoning into the attention mechanism, merging concepts from graph neural networks and language modeling. Building on the inherent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Markus J. Buehler

The recently developed pure Transformer architectures have attained promising accuracy on point cloud learning benchmarks compared to convolutional neural networks. However, existing point cloud Transformers are computationally expensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Cheng Zhang , Haocheng Wan , Xinyi Shen , Zizhao Wu

Generative models are often conditioned on a small set of examples via cross-attention. Under the Gaussian optimal-transport path, we show that the exact velocity field induced by a finite support set is a Nadaraya--Watson kernel smoother…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Daniel Matsui Smola

Transformers are a class of autoregressive deep learning architectures which have recently achieved state-of-the-art performance in various vision, language, and robotics tasks. We revisit the problem of Kalman Filtering in linear dynamical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Gautam Goel , Peter Bartlett

While originally designed for natural language processing tasks, the self-attention mechanism has recently taken various computer vision areas by storm. However, the 2D nature of images brings three challenges for applying self-attention in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Meng-Hao Guo , Cheng-Ze Lu , Zheng-Ning Liu , Ming-Ming Cheng , Shi-Min Hu

The recent exploding growth in size of state-of-the-art machine learning models highlights a well-known issue where exponential parameter growth, which has grown to trillions as in the case of the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT),…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-06 Ethan N. Evans , Matthew Cook , Zachary P. Bradshaw , Margarite L. LaBorde

Scaling language models to handle longer input sequences typically necessitates large key-value (KV) caches, resulting in substantial memory overhead during inference. In this paper, we propose Tensor Product Attention (TPA), a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yifan Zhang , Yifeng Liu , Huizhuo Yuan , Zhen Qin , Yang Yuan , Quanquan Gu , Andrew Chi-Chih Yao

Vision Transformer has demonstrated impressive success across various vision tasks. However, its heavy computation cost, which grows quadratically with respect to the token sequence length, largely limits its power in handling large feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Sucheng Ren , Xingyi Yang , Songhua Liu , Xinchao Wang

Attention regulates information transfer between tokens. For this, query and key vectors are compared, typically in terms of a scalar product, $\mathbf{Q}^T\mathbf{K}$, together with a subsequent softmax normalization. In geometric terms,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Claudius Gros

Transformer architecture has been very successful long runner in the field of Deep Learning (DL) and Large Language Models (LLM) because of its powerful attention-based learning and parallel-natured architecture. As the models grow gigantic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Phani Kumar , Nyshadham , Jyothendra Varma , Polisetty V R K , Aditya Rathore

Skeleton-based action recognition aims to recognize human actions given human joint coordinates with skeletal interconnections. By defining a graph with joints as vertices and their natural connections as edges, previous works successfully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-23 Yuxuan Zhou , Zhi-Qi Cheng , Chao Li , Yanwen Fang , Yifeng Geng , Xuansong Xie , Margret Keuper

Initially introduced as a machine translation model, the Transformer architecture has now become the foundation for modern deep learning architecture, with applications in a wide range of fields, from computer vision to natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Martin Courtois , Malte Ostendorff , Leonhard Hennig , Georg Rehm

The modeling of high-dimensional spatio-temporal processes presents a fundamental dichotomy between the probabilistic rigor of classical geostatistics and the flexible, high-capacity representations of deep learning. While Gaussian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yuri Calleo