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Human uplift studies, or studies that measure the effects of AI access on human performance via randomized controlled trials (RCT) or similar methodologies, increasingly inform frontier AI governance and deployment decisions. While RCT…

Validity, reliability, and fairness are core ethical principles embedded in classical argument-based assessment validation theory. These principles are also central to the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing (2014) which…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jill Burstein , Geoffrey T. LaFlair

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies (re-)shape modern life, driving innovation in a wide range of sectors. However, some AI systems have yielded unexpected or undesirable outcomes or have been used in questionable manners. As a…

Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence (AI) is based on seven technical requirements sustained over three main pillars that should be met throughout the system's entire life cycle: it should be (1) lawful, (2) ethical, and (3) robust, both…

Many guidelines for responsible AI have been suggested to help AI practitioners in the development of ethical and responsible AI systems. However, these guidelines are often neither grounded in regulation nor usable by different roles, from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Marios Constantinides , Edyta Bogucka , Daniele Quercia , Susanna Kallio , Mohammad Tahaei

There is no consensus on what constitutes human-centeredness in AI, and existing frameworks lack empirical validation. This study addresses this gap by developing a hierarchical framework of 26 attributes of human-centeredness, validated…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Aung Pyae

This study investigates students' perceptions of Artificial Intelligence (AI) grading systems in an undergraduate computer science course (n = 27), focusing on a block-based programming final project. Guided by the ethical principles…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Bahare Riahi , Viktoriia Storozhevykh , Veronica Catete

This document presents a preliminary compilation of general-purpose AI (GPAI) evaluation practices that may promote internal validity, external validity and reproducibility. It includes suggestions for human uplift studies and benchmark…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Patricia Paskov , Michael J. Byun , Kevin Wei , Toby Webster

As the deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) is changing many fields and industries, there are concerns about AI systems making decisions and recommendations without adequately considering various ethical aspects, such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Conrad Sanderson , Qinghua Lu , David Douglas , Xiwei Xu , Liming Zhu , Jon Whittle

The increasing use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in critical societal domains has amplified concerns about fairness, particularly regarding unequal treatment across sensitive attributes such as race, gender, and socioeconomic status.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Munshi Mahbubur Rahman , Shimei Pan , James R. Foulds

This whitepaper offers normative and practical guidance for developers of artificial intelligence (AI) systems to achieve "Trustworthy AI". In it, we present overall ethical requirements and six ethical principles with value-specific…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-11-18 Nicholas Kluge Corrêa , Julia Maria Mönig

Artificial Intelligence (AI) governance is the practice of establishing frameworks, policies, and procedures to ensure the responsible, ethical, and safe development and deployment of AI systems. Although AI governance is a core pillar of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Danilo Ribeiro , Thayssa Rocha , Gustavo Pinto , Bruno Cartaxo , Marcelo Amaral , Nicole Davila , Ana Camargo

As AI systems become increasingly sophisticated, questions about machine consciousness and its ethical implications have moved from fringe speculation to mainstream academic debate. Current ethical frameworks in this domain often implicitly…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Zhou Ziheng , Haiqiang Dai , Bin Ling , Ying Nian Wu , Demetri Terzopoulos

AI alignment aims to make AI systems behave in line with human intentions and values. As AI systems grow more capable, so do risks from misalignment. To provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the alignment field, in this survey,…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has paved the way for revolutionary decision-making processes, which if harnessed appropriately, can contribute to advancements in various sectors, from healthcare to economics. However, its black box nature…

Purpose: The governance of artificial iintelligence (AI) systems requires a structured approach that connects high-level regulatory principles with practical implementation. Existing frameworks lack clarity on how regulations translate into…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Avinash Agarwal , Manisha J. Nene

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems increasingly assume consequential decision-making roles, a widening gap has emerged between technical capabilities and institutional accountability. Ethical guidance alone is insufficient to counter…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Byeong Ho Kang , Wenli Yang , Muhammad Bilal Amin

Generative AI tools are increasingly embedded in everyday work and learning, yet their fluency, opacity, and propensity to hallucinate mean that users must critically evaluate AI outputs rather than accept them at face value. The present…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Gabriel R. Lau , Wei Yan Low , Louis Tay , Ysabel Guevarra , Dragan Gašević , Andree Hartanto

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made impressive progress in recent years and represents a key technology that has a crucial impact on the economy and society. However, it is clear that AI and business models based on it can only reach…

Ethics in AI becomes a global topic of interest for both policymakers and academic researchers. In the last few years, various research organizations, lawyers, think tankers and regulatory bodies get involved in developing AI ethics…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Arif Ali Khan , Sher Badshah , Peng Liang , Bilal Khan , Muhammad Waseem , Mahmood Niazi , Muhammad Azeem Akbar
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