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Can a Large Language Model (LLM) solve simple abstract reasoning problems? We explore this broad question through a systematic analysis of GPT on the Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC), a representative benchmark of abstract reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Yudong Xu , Wenhao Li , Pashootan Vaezipoor , Scott Sanner , Elias B. Khalil

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to process and reason over long textual inputs is critical for a wide range of real-world applications. However, progress in this area is significantly constrained by the absence of high-quality,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Seganrasan Subramanian , Abhigya Verma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable reliability and advanced capabilities through extended test-time reasoning. However, extending these capabilities to Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) remains a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Yuhao Dong , Zuyan Liu , Shulin Tian , Yongming Rao , Ziwei Liu

We present a memory-augmented approach to condition an autoregressive language model on a knowledge graph. We represent the graph as a collection of relation triples and retrieve relevant relations for a given context to improve text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Qi Liu , Dani Yogatama , Phil Blunsom

Current LLM agents lack principled mechanisms for managing persistent memory across long interaction horizons. We present a biologically-grounded memory architecture comprising six cognitive mechanisms: (1) sleep-phase consolidation, (2)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Doga Kerestecioglu , Alexei Robsky , Clemens Vasters , Anshul Sharma , Yitzhak Kesselman

Large Language Models (LLMs) lack persistent memory for long-term personalized conversations. Existing graph-based memory systems suffer from information dilution, absent provenance tracking, and uniform retrieval that ignores query…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Hung Pham Van , Nguyen Manh Hieu , Khang Pham Tran Tuan , Nam Le Hai , Linh Ngo Van , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Diep , Trung Le

Long-duration audio is increasingly common in industrial and consumer settings, yet reviewing multi-hour recordings is impractical, motivating systems that answer natural-language queries with precise temporal grounding and minimal…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Naveen Vakada , Kartik Hegde , Arvind Krishna Sridhar , Yinyi Guo , Erik Visser

Recent investigations into effective context lengths of modern flagship large language models (LLMs) have revealed major limitations in effective question answering (QA) and reasoning over long and complex contexts for even the largest and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Anwesan Pal , Karen Hovsepian , Tinghao Guo , Mengnan Zhao , Somendra Tripathi , Nikos Kanakaris , George Mihaila , Sumit Nigam

Temporal reasoning over long, multi-session dialogues is a critical capability for conversational agents. However, existing works and our pilot study have shown that as dialogue histories grow in length and accumulate noise, current…

Large language model (LLM) agents have evolved to intelligently process information, make decisions, and interact with users or tools. A key capability is the integration of long-term memory capabilities, enabling these agents to draw upon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Rana Salama , Jason Cai , Michelle Yuan , Anna Currey , Monica Sunkara , Yi Zhang , Yassine Benajiba

Conversational Question Answering over Knowledge Graphs (KGs) combines the factual grounding of KG-based QA with the interactive nature of dialogue systems. KGs are widely used in enterprise and domain applications to provide structured,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Reham Omar , Abdelghny Orogat , Ibrahim Abdelaziz , Omij Mangukiya , Panos Kalnis , Essam Mansour

Real-world agents operate over long and evolving horizons, where information is repeatedly updated and may interfere across memories, requiring accurate recall and aggregated reasoning over multiple pieces of information. However, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Hyunji Lee , Justin Chih-Yao Chen , Joykirat Singh , Zaid Khan , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal

Effective memory management is essential for large language model (LLM) agents handling long-term interactions. Current memory frameworks typically treat agents as passive "recorders" and retrieve information without understanding its…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xiaohui Zhang , Zequn Sun , Chengyuan Yang , Yaqin Jin , Yazhong Zhang , Wei Hu

Multi-step retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a widely adopted strategy for enhancing large language models (LLMs) on tasks that demand global comprehension and intensive reasoning. Although many RAG systems incorporate a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chulun Zhou , Chunkang Zhang , Guoxin Yu , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou , Wai Lam , Mo Yu

We consider the task of generating dialogue responses from background knowledge comprising of domain specific resources. Specifically, given a conversation around a movie, the task is to generate the next response based on background…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Nikita Moghe , Priyesh Vijayan , Balaraman Ravindran , Mitesh M. Khapra

Evaluating the abilities of large language models (LLMs) for tasks that require long-term memory and thus long-context reasoning, for example in conversational settings, is hampered by the existing benchmarks, which often lack narrative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Mohammad Tavakoli , Alireza Salemi , Carrie Ye , Mohamed Abdalla , Hamed Zamani , J Ross Mitchell

In the quest of accurate vertex classification, we introduce GRAVITY (Graph-based Representation leArning via Vertices Interaction TopologY), a framework inspired by physical systems where objects self-organize under attractive forces.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Etienne Gael Tajeuna , Jean Marie Tshimula

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as autonomous agents in complex, long-horizon applications, where effective memory is critical for sustained performance. Yet existing memory benchmarks are largely dialogue-centric, while…

Iterative summarization based reasoning frameworks such as InftyThink enable long-horizon reasoning in large language models (LLMs) by controlling context growth, but they repeatedly regenerate similar reasoning strategies across tasks. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Cagatay Tekin , Charbel Barakat , Luis Joseph Luna Limgenco

This paper addresses the challenge of comprehending very long contexts in Large Language Models (LLMs) by proposing a method that emulates Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) through specialized prompt engineering and chain-of-thought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Joon Park , Kyohei Atarashi , Koh Takeuchi , Hisashi Kashima