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Deploying agentic AI in regulated contexts requires principled reasoning about two design dimensions: agency (what the system can do) and autonomy (how much it acts without human involvement). Though often treated independently, they are…
Artificial intelligence techniques are increasingly being applied to solve control problems, but often rely on black-box methods without transparent output generation. To improve the interpretability and transparency in control systems,…
Most causal benchmarks for language models score local answers or graph structure. We introduce ReplaySCM, a 1,300 item benchmark for executable causal mechanism induction from finite interventional evidence. Each item contains binary…
When a cognitive system modifies its own functioning, what exactly does it modify: a low-level rule, a control rule, or the norm that evaluates its own revisions? Cognitive science describes executive control, metacognition, and…
Explaining opaque Machine Learning (ML) models is an increasingly relevant problem. Current explanation in AI (XAI) methods suffer several shortcomings, among others an insufficient incorporation of background knowledge, and a lack of…
Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents that plan, use tools and act has begun to shape healthcare and medicine. Reported studies demonstrate competence on various tasks ranging from EHR analysis and differential diagnosis to treatment…
AI systems increasingly shape high-stakes decisions in healthcare, law, defense, and education, yet existing governance paradigms -- AI Ethics, AI Safety, and AI Alignment -- share a common limitation: they evaluate outcomes rather than…
Because artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly mediates organizational work, fairness has become a critical governance challenge. Existing frameworks often prioritize abstract ethical principles rather than fairness-specific ones and…
Chat-based prompts respond with verbose linear-sequential texts, making it difficult to explore and refine ambiguous intents, back up and reinterpret, or shift directions in creative AI-assisted design work. AI-Instruments instead embody…
Risk-based AI regulation has become the dominant paradigm in AI governance, promising proportional controls aligned with anticipated harms. This paper argues that such frameworks often fail for structural reasons: they implicitly assume…
As generative AI diffuses through academia, policy-practice divergence becomes consequential, creating demand for auditable indicators of alignment. This study prototypes a ten-item, indirect-elicitation instrument embedded in a structured…
System prompts - instructions that shape the behaviour of generative AI systems - strongly influence system outputs and users' experiences. They define the model's guidelines, `personality', and guardrails, taking precedence over user…
Modern experimental platforms such as particle accelerators, fusion devices, telescopes, and industrial process control systems expose tens to hundreds of thousands of control and diagnostic channels accumulated over decades of evolution.…
We present PRISM (Policy Reuse via Interpretable Strategy Mapping), a framework that grounds reinforcement learning agents' decisions in discrete, causally validated concepts and uses those concepts as a zero-shot transfer interface between…
Mechanistic interpretability aims to reverse-engineer transformer computations by identifying causal circuits through activation patching. However, scaling these interventions across diverse prompts and task families produces…
Explainable AI (XAI) interfaces seek to make large language models more transparent, yet explanation alone does not produce understanding. Explaining a system's behavior is not the same as being able to engage with it, to probe and…
This paper introduces LoBOX (Lack of Belief: Opacity \& eXplainability) governance ethic structured framework for managing artificial intelligence (AI) opacity when full transparency is infeasible. Rather than treating opacity as a design…
Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) presents a governance challenge for STEM assessment. Unrestricted GenAI access enables task outsourcing that undermines the validity of traditional assessments; blanket prohibitions are difficult…
As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes integral to economy and society, communication gaps between developers, users, and stakeholders hinder trust and informed decision-making. High-level AI labels, inspired by frameworks like EU energy…
Type-and-effect systems help the programmer to organize data and computational effects in a program. While for traditional type systems expressive variants with sophisticated inference algorithms have been developed and widely used in…