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Prompt injection is one of the most critical vulnerabilities in LLM agents; yet, effective automated attacks remain largely unexplored from an optimization perspective. Existing methods heavily depend on human red-teamers and hand-crafted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Xin Chen , Jie Zhang , Florian Tramèr

Neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial examples, malicious inputs crafted to fool trained models. Adversarial examples often exhibit black-box transfer, meaning that adversarial examples for one model can fool another model. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Qian Huang , Isay Katsman , Horace He , Zeqi Gu , Serge Belongie , Ser-Nam Lim

Black-box attacks usually face two problems: poor transferability and the inability to evade the adversarial defense. To overcome these shortcomings, we create an original approach to generate adversarial examples by smoothing the linear…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Hui Xia , Rui Zhang , Shuliang Jiang , Zi Kang

Current adversarial attack research reveals the vulnerability of learning-based classifiers against carefully crafted perturbations. However, most existing attack methods have inherent limitations in cross-dataset generalization as they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Cheng Luo , Qinliang Lin , Weicheng Xie , Bizhu Wu , Jinheng Xie , Linlin Shen

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) models are prevalent, particularly in applications for voice navigation and voice control of domestic appliances. The computational core of ASRs are deep neural networks (DNNs) that have been shown to be…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Xiaoliang Wu , Ajitha Rajan

End-to-End Autonomous Driving (E2E-AD) systems are typically grouped by the nature of their outputs: (i) waypoint-based models that predict a future trajectory, and (ii) action-based models that directly output throttle, steer and brake.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jorge Daniel Rodríguez-Vidal , Gabriel Villalonga , Diego Porres , Antonio M. López Peña

Adversarial samples are perturbed inputs crafted to mislead the machine learning systems. A training mechanism, called adversarial training, which presents adversarial samples along with clean samples has been introduced to learn robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Vivek B. S. , Konda Reddy Mopuri , R. Venkatesh Babu

Machine unlearning aims to remove specific concepts from pretrained text-to-image diffusion models, yet several white- and black-box attacks have been introduced to make the model generate such unlearned concepts. These attacks,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Arian Komaei Koma , Seyed Amir Kasaei , AmirMahdi Sadeghzadeh , Mohammad Hossein Rohban

Driving planning is a critical component of end-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving. However, prevailing Imitative E2E Planners often suffer from multimodal trajectory mode collapse, failing to produce diverse trajectory proposals. Meanwhile,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Lin Liu , Caiyan Jia , Guanyi Yu , Ziying Song , JunQiao Li , Feiyang Jia , Peiliang Wu , Xiaoshuai Hao , Yadan Luo

Neural networks are known to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks -- slight but carefully constructed perturbations of the inputs which can drastically impair the network's performance. Many defense methods have been proposed for improving…

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) increasingly use DNN-based object detection models in vision-based perception. Correct detection and classification of obstacles is critical to ensure safe, trustworthy driving decisions. Adversarial patches aim to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Jaden Mu

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit strong zero-shot generalization but remain vulnerable to adversarial perturbations. Existing classification-guided adversarial fine-tuning methods often disrupt pre-trained cross-modal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Yubo Cui , Xianchao Guan , Zijun Xiong , Zheng Zhang

Adversarial attacks in black-box settings are highly practical, with transfer-based attacks being the most effective at generating adversarial examples (AEs) that transfer from surrogate models to unseen target models. However, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Tao Wu , Tie Luo

Machine learning models are currently being deployed in a variety of real-world applications where model predictions are used to make decisions about healthcare, bank loans, and numerous other critical tasks. As the deployment of artificial…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Yuxin Ma , Tiankai Xie , Jundong Li , Ross Maciejewski

With the great success of graph embedding model on both academic and industry area, the robustness of graph embedding against adversarial attack inevitably becomes a central problem in graph learning domain. Regardless of the fruitful…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-12-19 Heng Chang , Yu Rong , Tingyang Xu , Wenbing Huang , Honglei Zhang , Peng Cui , Wenwu Zhu , Junzhou Huang

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are highly susceptible to adversarial examples--subtle perturbations applied to inputs that are often imperceptible to humans yet lead to incorrect model predictions. In black-box scenarios, however, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Qing Wan , Shilong Deng , Xun Wang

Modern commercial antivirus systems increasingly rely on machine learning to keep up with the rampant inflation of new malware. However, it is well-known that machine learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples (AEs). Previous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-03 Wei Song , Xuezixiang Li , Sadia Afroz , Deepali Garg , Dmitry Kuznetsov , Heng Yin

Deep neural networks for 3D point clouds have been demonstrated to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. Previous 3D adversarial attack methods often exploit certain information about the target models, such as model parameters or outputs,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Shuchao Pang , Zhenghan Chen , Shen Zhang , Liming Lu , Siyuan Liang , Anan Du , Yongbin Zhou

Adversarial transferability enables black-box attacks on unknown victim deep neural networks (DNNs), rendering attacks viable in real-world scenarios. Current transferable attacks create adversarial perturbation over the entire image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Shangbo Wu , Yu-an Tan , Yajie Wang , Ruinan Ma , Wencong Ma , Yuanzhang Li

Deep learning models have been used in creating various effective image classification applications. However, they are vulnerable to adversarial attacks that seek to misguide the models into predicting incorrect classes. Our study of major…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Mohammed Alkhowaiter , Hisham Kholidy , Mnassar Alyami , Abdulmajeed Alghamdi , Cliff Zou