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Quantum networks hold the potential to revolutionize a variety of fields by surpassing the capabilities of their classical counterparts. Many of these applications necessitate the sharing of high-fidelity entangled pairs among communicating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-22 Pankaj Kumar , Binayak Kar , Shan-Hsiang Shen

We study entanglement percolation in qubit-based planar quantum network models of arbitrary topology, where neighboring nodes are initially connected by pure states with quenched disorder in their entanglement. To address this, we develop a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-27 Andrea De Girolamo , Giuseppe Magnifico , Cosmo Lupo

Pure dephasing processes limit the fidelities achievable in driven-dissipative schemes for stabilization of entangled states of qubits. We propose a scheme which, combined with already existing entangling methods, purifies the desired…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-27 Sven M. Hein , Camille Aron , Hakan E. Türeci

Effective routing of entanglements over a quantum network is a fundamental problem in quantum communication. Due to the fragility of quantum states, it is difficult to route entanglements at long distances. Graph states can be utilized for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-24 Nirupam Basak , Goutam Paul

We study the use of entanglement purification for quantum communication over long distances. For distances much longer than the coherence length of a corresponding noisy quantum channel, the fidelity of transmission is usually so low that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 W. Dür , H. - J. Briegel , J. I. Cirac , P. Zoller

We consider entanglement purification protocols for multiple copies of qubit states. We use high-dimensional auxiliary entangled systems to learn about number and positions of errors in the noisy ensemble in an explicit and controlled way,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-07-28 Ferran Riera Sàbat , Pavel Sekatski , Alexander Pirker , Wolfgang Dür

The Quantum Internet, a network of quantum-enabled infrastructure, represents the next frontier in telecommunications, promising capabilities that cannot be attained by classical counterparts. A crucial step in realizing such large-scale…

Practical quantum networking architectures are crucial for scaling the connection of quantum resources. Yet quantum network testbeds have thus far underutilized the full capabilities of modern lightwave communications, such as flexible-grid…

Quantum networks enable a number of important applications such as quantum key distribution. The basic function of a quantum network is to enable long-distance quantum entanglement between two remote communication parties. This work focuses…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-10-28 Shouqian Shi , Chen Qian

Quantum entanglement is a unique criterion of the quantum realm and an essential tool to secure quantum communication. Ensuring high-fidelity entanglement has always been a challenging task owing to interaction with the hostile channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-23 Syed Emad Uddin Shubha , Md. Saifur Rahman , M. R. C. Mahdy

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) networks enable unconditionally secure key exchange using quantum mechanical principles. However, routing cryptographic keys across multi-hop quantum networks introduces challenges unique to quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Ivan Cvitic , Dragan Perakovic , Armando Nolasco Pinto

In the current landscape of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computing, the inherent noise presents significant challenges to achieving high-fidelity long-range entanglement. Furthermore, this challenge is amplified by the limited…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-30 Jean-Baptiste Waring , Christophe Pere , Sébastien Le Beux

Entanglement distribution is a core mechanism for the future quantum Internet. The quantum world is, however, a faulty environment. Hence, successful entanglement swapping is error-prone. The occurrence of quantum state errors can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-28 Michel Barbeau , Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro , Evangelos Kranakis

We conduct a numerical investigation of fiber-based entanglement distribution over distances of up to 1600km using a chain of processing-node quantum repeaters. We determine minimal hardware requirements while simultaneously optimizing over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-21 Adrià Labay-Mora , Francisco Ferreira da Silva , Stephanie Wehner

Given the diverse array of physical systems available for quantum computing and the absence of a well-defined quantum internet protocol stack, the design and optimisation of quantum networking protocols remain largely unexplored. To address…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-22 Vinay Kumar , Claudio Cicconetti , Marco Conti , Andrea Passarella

Distributing entanglement to distant parties in a network is a central task in quantum information processing and quantum networking. The sensitivity of entangled states to loss necessitates the use of entanglement routing strategies.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-28 Xin-An Chen , Caitao Zhan , Joaquin Chung , Jeffrey Larson

In this paper, a novel Deep Q-Network (DQN) based scheduling method to optimize delay time and fairness among entanglement requests in quantum repeater networks is proposed. The scheduling of requests determines which pairs of end nodes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-20 Gongyu Ni , Lester Ho , Holger Claussen

The primary task of a quantum repeater network is to deliver entanglement among end nodes. Most of existing entanglement distribution protocols do not consider purification, which is thus delegated to an upper layer. This is a major…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Leonardo Bacciottini , Luciano Lenzini , Enzo Mingozzi , Giuseppe Anastasi

We introduce entanglement purification protocols for d-level systems (qudits) with improved efficiency as compared to previous protocols. While we focus on protocols for bipartite systems, we also propose generalizations to multi-partite…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 Jorge Miguel-Ramiro , Wolfgang Dür

Entanglement purification is to distill high-quality entangled states from low-quality entangled states. It is a key step in quantum repeaters, determines the efficiency and communication rates of quantum communication protocols, and is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-21 Cen-Xiao Huang , Xiao-Min Hu1 , Bi-Heng Liu , Lan Zhou , Yu-Bo Sheng , Chuan-Feng Li , Guang-Can Guo