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Related papers: Contextual Agentic Memory is a Memo, Not True Memo…

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In neuroscience, attention has been shown to bidirectionally interact with reinforcement learning (RL) processes. This interaction is thought to support dimensionality reduction of task representations, restricting computations to relevant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Lennart Bramlage , Aurelio Cortese

Recent advances in LLM-based Text-to-SQL have achieved remarkable gains on public benchmarks such as BIRD and Spider. Yet, these systems struggle to scale in realistic enterprise settings with large, complex schemas, diverse SQL dialects,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Asim Biswal , Chuan Lei , Xiao Qin , Aodong Li , Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy , Tim Kraska

Episodic memory is a central component of human memory, which refers to the ability to recall coherent events grounded in who, when, and where. However, most agent memory systems only emphasize semantic recall and treat experience as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Kexin Ma , Bojun Li , Yuhua Tang , Liting Sun , Ruochun Jin

Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly rely on long-term memory and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to persist experiences and refine future performance. While this experience learning capability enhances agentic autonomy, it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Saksham Sahai Srivastava , Haoyu He

This review critically distinguishes between AI Agents and Agentic AI, offering a structured, conceptual taxonomy, application mapping, and analysis of opportunities and challenges to clarify their divergent design philosophies and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ranjan Sapkota , Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis , Manoj Karkee

As Large Language Models (LLMs) evolve from text-completion tools into fully fledged agents operating in dynamic environments, they must address the challenge of continually learning and retaining long-term knowledge. Many biological…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Mathis Pink , Qinyuan Wu , Vy Ai Vo , Javier Turek , Jianing Mu , Alexander Huth , Mariya Toneva

Current Large Language Models (LLMs) are confronted with overwhelming information volume when comprehending long-form documents. This challenge raises the imperative of a cohesive memory module, which can elevate vanilla LLMs into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Rui Li , Zeyu Zhang , Xiaohe Bo , Zihang Tian , Xu Chen , Quanyu Dai , Zhenhua Dong , Ruiming Tang

Conversational agents struggle to handle long conversations due to context window limitations. Therefore, memory systems are developed to leverage essential historical information. Existing memory systems typically follow a pipeline of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yimin Deng , Yuqing Fu , Derong Xu , Yejing Wang , Wei Ni , Jingtong Gao , Xiaopeng Li , Chengxu Liu , Xiao Han , Guoshuai Zhao , Xiangyu Zhao , Li Zhu , Xueming Qian

AI agents -- systems that combine foundation models with reasoning, planning, memory, and tool use -- are rapidly becoming a practical interface between natural-language intent and real-world computation. This survey synthesizes the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Bin Xu

Manipulative communication, such as gaslighting, guilt-tripping, and emotional coercion, is often difficult for individuals to recognize. Existing agentic AI systems lack the structured, longitudinal memory to track these subtle,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Ratna Kandala , Niva Manchanda , Akshata Kishore Moharir , Ananth Kandala

Contextual memory integration remains a high challenge in the development of language models, particularly in tasks that require maintaining coherence over extended sequences. Traditional approaches, such as self-attention mechanisms and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-11 George Applegarth , Christian Weatherstone , Maximilian Hollingsworth , Henry Middlebrook , Marcus Irvin

This paper studies the next major bottleneck in agentic AI as system scaling, not only model scaling: the design of auditable, persistent, modular, and verifiable architectures around foundation models. We refer to this shift as scaling the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Shangding Gu

Enterprise AI deploys dozens of autonomous agent nodes across workflows, each acting on the same entities with no shared memory and no common governance. We identify five structural challenges arising from this memory governance gap: memory…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Hamed Taheri

Memory-augmented large language models extend reasoning beyond a fixed context window by maintaining long-term memory across interactions. However, existing memory systems often collapse stable user facts, episodic events, and behavioral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Hyeonjeong Ha , Jeonghwan Kim , Cheng Qian , Jiayu Liu , William M. Campbell , Yue Wu , Yuji Zhang , Kathleen McKeown , Dilek Hakkani-Tur , Heng Ji

Many potential applications of reinforcement learning in the real world involve interacting with other agents whose numbers vary over time. We propose new neural policy architectures for these multi-agent problems. In contrast to other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Matthew A. Wright , Roberto Horowitz

MLLMs exhibit strong reasoning on isolated queries, yet they operate de novo -- solving each problem independently and often repeating the same mistakes. Existing memory-augmented agents mainly store past trajectories for reuse. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Weihao Bo , Shan Zhang , Yanpeng Sun , Jingjing Wu , Qunyi Xie , Xiao Tan , Kunbin Chen , Wei He , Xiaofan Li , Na Zhao , Jingdong Wang , Zechao Li

Despite the potential of language model-based agents to solve real-world tasks such as web navigation, current methods still struggle with long-horizon tasks with complex action trajectories. In contrast, humans can flexibly solve complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Zora Zhiruo Wang , Jiayuan Mao , Daniel Fried , Graham Neubig

Memory is a critical component in large language model (LLM)-based agents, enabling them to store and retrieve past executions to improve task performance over time. In this paper, we conduct an empirical study on how memory management…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zidi Xiong , Yuping Lin , Wenya Xie , Pengfei He , Zirui Liu , Jiliang Tang , Himabindu Lakkaraju , Zhen Xiang

Persistent memory is turning language-model-based agents from stateless participants in isolated interactions into state-bearing components of LLM-based multi-agent systems. As memory becomes durable, reloadable, and behavior-shaping across…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Diego F. Cuadros , Abdoul-Aziz Maiga , Helen Meskhidze , Andre Curtis-Trudel

A wide variety of agentic AI applications - ranging from cognitive assistants for dementia patients to robotics - demand a robust memory system grounded in reality. In this paper, we propose such a memory system consisting of three…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Felix Ocker , Jörg Deigmöller , Pavel Smirnov , Julian Eggert