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Solving optimization tasks using variational quantum algorithms has emerged as a crucial application of the current noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices. However, these algorithms face several difficulties like finding suitable ansatz…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-22 Pranav Chandarana , Pablo S. Vieites , Narendra N. Hegade , Enrique Solano , Yue Ban , Xi Chen

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm can be applied to search problems on graphs with a cost function that is a sum of terms corresponding to the edges. When conjugating an edge term, the QAOA unitary at depth p produces an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-19 Edward Farhi , David Gamarnik , Sam Gutmann

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) was originally developed to solve combinatorial optimization problems, but has become a standard for assessing the performance of quantum computers. Fully descriptive benchmarking…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-29 Anthony M. Polloreno , Graeme Smith

We explore the application of variational quantum algorithms to the NP-hard set balancing problem, a critical challenge in clinical trial design and experimental scheduling. The problem is mapped to an Ising model, with tailored Quadratic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-10 Nikhil Kowshik , Sayan Manna , Sudebkumar Prasant Pal

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising approach for programming a near-term gate-based hybrid quantum computer to find good approximate solutions of hard combinatorial problems. However, little is currently…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-21 Gavin E. Crooks

Maximum cut (MaxCut) on graphs is a classic NP-hard problem. In quantum computing, Farhi, Gutmann, and Goldstone proposed the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) for solving the MaxCut problem. Its guarantee on cut fraction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-11 Tongyang Li , Yuexin Su , Ziyi Yang , Shengyu Zhang

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) finds approximate solutions to combinatorial optimization problems. Its performance monotonically improves with its depth $p$. We apply the QAOA to MaxCut on large-girth $D$-regular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-08 Joao Basso , Edward Farhi , Kunal Marwaha , Benjamin Villalonga , Leo Zhou

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm that shows promise in efficiently solving the MaxCut problem, a representative example of combinatorial optimization. However, its effectiveness…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-22 Fanxu Meng , Xiangzhen Zhou , Pengcheng Zhu , Yu Luo

Protein folding -- the problem of predicting the spatial structure of a protein given its sequence of amino-acids -- has attracted considerable research effort in biochemistry in recent decades. In this work, we explore the potential of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Sami Boulebnane , Xavier Lucas , Agnes Meyder , Stanislaw Adaszewski , Ashley Montanaro

The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm used to approximately solve combinatorial optimisation problems. It involves multiple iterations of a parameterised ansatz comprising a problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-16 V. Vijendran , Aritra Das , Dax Enshan Koh , Syed M. Assad , Ping Koy Lam

This article consists of a short introduction to the quantum approximation optimisation algorithm (QAOA). The mathematical structure of the QAOA, as well as its basic properties, are described. The implementation of the QAOA on MaxCut…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-25 Behzad Mansouri

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has been introduced as a heuristic digital quantum computing scheme to find approximate solutions of combinatorial problems with shallow circuits. We present a scheme to parallelize this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-02 Wolfgang Lechner

Motivated by the recent advancement of quantum processors, we investigate quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) to employ quasi-maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding of classical channel codes. QAOA is a hybrid quantum-classical…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-03-07 Toshiki Matsumine , Toshiaki Koike-Akino , Ye Wang

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems. However, it cannot overcome qubit limitation for large-scale problems. Furthermore, the…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Junde Li , Mahabubul Alam , Swaroop Ghosh

Quantum computers are increasing in size and quality, but are still very noisy. Error mitigation extends the size of the quantum circuits that noisy devices can meaningfully execute. However, state-of-the-art error mitigation methods are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-25 Stefan H. Sack , Daniel J. Egger

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising variational algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems on near-term devices. However, as the number of layers in a QAOA circuit increases, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Owain Parry , Phil McMinn

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising candidate algorithm for demonstrating quantum advantage in optimization using near-term quantum computers. However, QAOA has high requirements on gate fidelity due to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-20 Xiaoyuan Liu , Ruslan Shaydulin , Ilya Safro

In this paper, we aim to expand the understanding of the relationship between the composition of the Hamiltonian in the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) and the corresponding cost landscape characteristics. QAOA is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-21 Michał Stęchły , Lanruo Gao , Boniface Yogendran , Enrico Fontana , Manuel Rudolph

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm and its generalization to Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA) is a promising approach for applying quantum computers to challenging problems such as combinatorial optimization and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-25 Vladimir Kremenetski , Anuj Apte , Tad Hogg , Stuart Hadfield , Norm M. Tubman

The design of fast algorithms for combinatorial optimization greatly contributes to a plethora of domains such as logistics, finance, and chemistry. Quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOAs), which utilize the power of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-25 Zeqiao Zhou , Yuxuan Du , Xinmei Tian , Dacheng Tao