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In this paper, the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is analyzed by leveraging symmetries inherent in problem Hamiltonians. We focus on the generalized formulation of optimization problems defined on the sets of $n$-element…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 Boris Tsvelikhovskiy , Ilya Safro , Yuri Alexeev

Quantum algorithms for binary optimization problems have been the subject of extensive study. However, the application of quantum algorithms to integer optimization problems remains comparatively unexplored. In this paper, we study the…

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is considered to be one of the most promising approaches towards using near-term quantum computers for practical application. In its original form, the algorithm applies two different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-08 Mauro E. S. Morales , Jacob Biamonte , Zoltán Zimborás

In the era of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computing, available quantum resources are limited. Many NP-hard problems can be efficiently addressed using hybrid classical and quantum computational methods. This paper proposes a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Dongmei Liu , Jian Li , Xiubo Cheng , Shibing Zhang , Yan Chang , Lili Yan

The Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) is a leading candidate for near-term quantum advantage, yet its practical impact is hindered by limited performance on symmetric local Hamiltonians and the costly optimisation of…

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithm that offers the potential to handle combinatorial optimization problems. Introducing constraints in such combinatorial optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Santosh Kumar Radha

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has the potential to approximately solve complex combinatorial optimization problems in polynomial time. However, current noisy quantum devices cannot solve large problems due to…

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid variational quantum-classical algorithm that solves combinatorial optimization problems. While there is evidence suggesting that the fixed form of the standard QAOA ansatz is…

In this article we report on the application of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) to solve the unweighted MaxCut problem on tree-structured graphs. Specifically, we utilize the Nauty (No Automorphisms, Yes?) package to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-05 Vaibhav. N Prakash

The recently proposed QAOA-GPT framework demonstrated that generative pre-trained transformers can learn mappings between problem graphs and optimized quantum circuits for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). In this work,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Leanto Sunny , Abhinav Rijal , George Siopsis

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have demonstrated considerable potential in solving NP-hard combinatorial problems in the contemporary near intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. The quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-09 Boy Choy , David J. Wales

Farhi et al. recently proposed a class of quantum algorithms, the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA), for approximately solving combinatorial optimization problems. A level-p QAOA circuit consists of p steps; in each step a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-01 Zhihui Wang , Stuart Hadfield , Zhang Jiang , Eleanor G. Rieffel

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm can naturally be applied to combinatorial search problems on graphs. The quantum circuit has p applications of a unitary operator that respects the locality of the graph. On a graph with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-21 Edward Farhi , David Gamarnik , Sam Gutmann

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) holds promise for combinatorial optimization but is constrained by limited qubits. While divide-and-conquer frameworks like QAOA$^{2}$ address scalability by partitioning graphs into…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-14 Zubin Zheng , Jiahao Wu , Shengcai Liu

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most promising Noisy Intermediate Quantum Algorithms (NISQ) in solving combinatorial optimizations and displays potential over classical heuristic techniques.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-18 Arul Rhik Mazumder , Anuvab Sen , Udayon Sen

The Quantum Alternating Operator Ansatz (QAOA+) framework has recently gained attention due to its ability to solve discrete optimization problems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices in a manner that is amenable to derivation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-25 Sagnik Chatterjee , Debajyoti Bera

We explore strategies aimed at reducing the amount of computation, both quantum and classical, required to run the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). First, following Wurtz et al. [Phys.Rev A 104:052419], we consider the…

We consider the maximum cut and maximum independent set problems on random regular graphs in the infinite-size limit, and calculate the energy densities achieved by QAOA for high degrees up to $d=100$. Such an analysis is possible because…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Elisabeth Wybo , Martin Leib

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid algorithm whose control parameters are classically optimized. In addition to the variational parameters, the right choice of hyperparameter is crucial for improving the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-30 Yu Pan , Yifan Tong , Yi Yang

Quantum Computing promises to solve complex combinatorial optimization problems more efficiently than classical methods, with the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) being a leading candidate. Recent fixed-parameter variations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Rodrigo Coelho , Georg Kruse , Jeanette Miriam Lorenz
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