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Agentic LLM AI agents are often little more than autonomous chatbots: actors following scripts, often controlled by an unreliable director. This work introduces a bottom-up framework that situates AI agents in their environment, with all…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Peter J. Bentley , Soo Ling Lim , Fuyuki Ishikawa

AI coding agents increasingly act directly within software environments, yet existing analyses of their failures rely on benchmark trajectories that miss how developers actually experience misalignment. We present an observational study of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ningzhi Tang , Chaoran Chen , Gelei Xu , Yiyu Shi , Yu Huang , Collin McMillan , Tao Dong , Toby Jia-Jun Li

Recently, Agentic AI has become an increasingly popular research field. However, we argue that current agent research practices lack standardization and scientific rigor, making it hard to conduct fair comparisons among methods. As a…

Agentic AI marks an important transition from single-step generative models to systems capable of reasoning, planning, acting, and adapting over long-lasting tasks. By integrating memory, tool use, and iterative decision cycles, these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Sahaya Jestus Lazer , Kshitiz Aryal , Maanak Gupta , Elisa Bertino

AI scientist systems are increasingly deployed for autonomous research, yet their academic integrity has never been systematically evaluated. We introduce SCIINTEGRITY-BENCH, the first benchmark designed around a dilemmatic evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zonglin Yang , Xingtong Liu , Xinyan Xu

Reliable clinical decision support requires medical AI agents capable of safe, multi-step reasoning over structured electronic health records (EHRs). While large language models (LLMs) show promise in healthcare, existing benchmarks…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Ananya Mantravadi , Shivali Dalmia , Abhishek Mukherji

Data science plays a critical role in transforming complex data into actionable insights across numerous domains. Recent developments in large language models (LLMs) have significantly automated data science workflows, but a fundamental…

Failures in large-scale cloud systems incur substantial financial losses, making automated Root Cause Analysis (RCA) essential for operational stability. Recent efforts leverage Large Language Model (LLM) agents to automate this task, yet…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Taeyoon Kim , Woohyeok Park , Hoyeong Yun , Kyungyong Lee

Large Language Model (LLM) agents, which integrate planning, memory, reflection, and tool-use modules, have shown promise in solving complex, multi-step tasks. Yet their sophisticated architectures amplify vulnerability to cascading…

Background: Large language models are typically evaluated as models, benchmarks, or short conversational episodes. Less is known about what happens when an agent is embedded persistently in a real academic research environment with durable…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Anas H. Alzahrani

Large Language Models are being increasingly deployed as the decision-making core of autonomous agents capable of effecting change in external environments. Yet, in conversational benchmarks, which simulate real-world customer-centric issue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Amir Saeidi , Venkatesh Mishra , Souradeep Mukhopadhyay , Gaowen Liu , Ali Payani , Jayanth Srinivasa , Chitta Baral

Prompt injection is the most critical vulnerability in deployed AI agents. Despite recent progress, we show that the prevailing defense paradigm (data-instruction separation) both fails to detect attacks that operate through contextual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sahar Abdelnabi , Eugene Bagdasarian

As industry reports claim agentic AI systems deliver double-digit productivity gains and multi-trillion dollar economic potential, the validity of these claims has become critical for investment decisions, regulatory policy, and responsible…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Kiana Jafari Meimandi , Gabriela Aránguiz-Dias , Grace Ra Kim , Lana Saadeddin , Allie Griffith , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Agentic AI increasingly intervenes proactively by inferring users' situations from contextual data yet often fails for lack of principled judgment about when, why, and whether to act. We address this gap by proposing a conceptual model that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Soyoung Jung , Daehoo Yoon , Sung Gyu Koh , Young Hwan Kim , Yehan Ahn , Sung Park

As large language models become components of larger agentic systems, evaluation reliability becomes critical: unreliable sub-agents introduce brittleness into downstream system behavior. Yet current evaluation practice, reporting a single…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zairah Mustahsan , Abel Lim , Megna Anand , Saahil Jain , Bryan McCann

Sensory inference under conditions of uncertainty is a major problem in both machine learning and computational neuroscience. An important but poorly understood aspect of sensory processing is the role of active sensing. Here, we present a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-08-12 Sheeraz Ahmad , Angela Yu

Sensory inference under conditions of uncertainty is a major problem in both machine learning and computational neuroscience. An important but poorly understood aspect of sensory processing is the role of active sensing. Here, we present a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-05-30 Sheeraz Ahmad , Angela J. Yu

As the focus in LLM-based coding shifts from static single-step code generation to multi-step agentic interaction with tools and environments, understanding which tasks will challenge agents and why becomes increasingly difficult. This is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Chris Ge , Daria Kryvosheieva , Daniel Fried , Uzay Girit , Kaivalya Hariharan

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly adopted as tool-using agents that can plan, observe their environment, and take actions over extended time periods. This evolution challenges current evaluation practices where the AI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Simone Aonzo , Merve Sahin , Aurélien Francillon , Daniele Perito