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In this paper we present a grid of stellar evolution models, computed with an up-to-date physical description of the internal structure, using the Code d'Evolution Stellaire Adaptatif et Modulaire (CESAM). The evolutionary sequences span…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 J. P. Marques , M. J. P. F. G. Monteiro , J. M. Fernandes

Planets and their atmospheres are built from gas and solid material in protoplanetary disks. Recent results suggest that solid material like pebbles may contribute significantly to building up planetary atmospheres. In order to link…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-14 Christian Eistrup , Thomas Henning

THOR is the first open-source general circulation model (GCM) developed from scratch to study the atmospheres and climates of exoplanets, free from Earth- or Solar System-centric tunings. It solves the general non-hydrostatic Euler…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-06-17 Russell Deitrick , João M. Mendonça , Urs Schroffenegger , Simon L. Grimm , Shang-Min Tsai , Kevin Heng

We study the influence of outer Solar System architecture on the structural evolution of the Oort Cloud (OC) and the flux of Earth-crossing comets. In particular, we seek to quantify the role of the giant planets as "planetary protectors".…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Alexia R. Lewis , Thomas Quinn , Nathan A. Kaib

Sub-Neptunes - volatile-rich exoplanets smaller than Neptune - are intrinsically the most common type of planet known. However, the formation and nature of these objects, as well as the distinctions between sub-classes (if any), remain…

We analyze the evolution of oxygen abundance radial gradients resulting from our chemical evolution models calculated with different prescriptions for the star formation rate (SFR) and for the gas infall rate, in order to assess their…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-11-30 M. Mollá , O. Cavichia , R. da Costa , B. K. Gibson , A. I. Díaz

The discovery of short-period Neptune-mass objects, now including the remarkable system HD69830 (Lovis et al. 2006) with three Neptune analogues, raises difficult questions about current formation models which may require a global treatment…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 D. S. McNeil , R. P. Nelson

We couple a simplified model for the galactic chemical evolution, with software that models the condensation of dust in protoplanetary disks and software that models the interior structure of planets in order to estimate the effects that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-16 Jason H. Steffen , Cody Shakespeare , Robert Royer , David Rice , Allona Vazan

Planetary obliquity (axial tilt) plays an important role in regulating the climate evolution and habitability of water-covered planets. Despite the suspicion of large obliquities in several exoplanetary systems, this phenomenon remains hard…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-15 Y Wu , S. Portegies Zwart , H Dijkstra

We present a novel python-based 1D sub-Neptune evolution model that emphasizes the thermal evolution and potential solidification of the rock/iron core and the structure of the radiative atmosphere. This model explores planetary structure…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-25 Yao Tang , Jonathan J. Fortney , Francis Nimmo , Daniel Thorngren , Kazumasa Ohno , Ruth Murray-Clay

Understanding the concept of habitability is related to an evolutionary knowledge of the particular planet-in-question. Additional indications so-called "systemic aspects" of the planetary system as a whole governs a particular planet's…

A gap in exoplanets' radius distribution has been widely attributed to the photo-evaporation threshold of their progenitors' gaseous envelope. Giant impacts can also lead to substantial mass-loss. The outflowing gas endures tidal torque…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 S. Wang , D. N. C. Lin

We present a new N-body code, gevolution, for the evolution of large scale structure in the Universe. Our code is based on a weak field expansion of General Relativity and calculates all six metric degrees of freedom in Poisson gauge.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-05 Julian Adamek , David Daverio , Ruth Durrer , Martin Kunz

We review the interior structure and evolution of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, and giant exoplanets with particular emphasis on constraining their global composition. Compared to the first edition of this review, we provide a new…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-22 Tristan Guillot , Daniel Gautier

Super-Earths within the same close-in, compact planetary system tend to exhibit a striking degree of uniformity in their radius, mass, and orbital spacing, and this 'peas-in-a-pod' phenomenon itself serves to provide one of the strongest…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-10-05 Armaan V. Goyal , Fei Dai , Songhu Wang

The unexpected diversity of exoplanets includes a growing number of super- Earth planets, i.e., exoplanets with masses of up to several Earth masses and a similar chemical and mineralogical composition as Earth. We present a thermal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 W. von Bloh , M. Cuntz , K. -P. Schroeder , C. Bounama , S. Franck

In this research note, we outline the extension of the grid of upper atmosphere models first presented in Kubyshkina et al. (2018a). The original grid is based on a 1D hydrodynamic model and consists of about 7000 models covering planets of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-10 Daria Kubyshkina , Luca Fossati

A large fraction of giant planets have gaseous envelopes that are limited to about 10 % of their total mass budget. Such planets are present in the Solar System (Uranus, Neptune) and are frequently observed in short periods around other…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-01 Michiel Lambrechts , Elena Lega

Exoplanet demographics increasingly reveal that planetary properties depend not only on local irradiation and composition but also on the wider system architecture. We analyse a sample of Neptune-sized short-period planets with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-01 Dolev Bashi

We present N-body simulations of resonant planets with inclined orbits that show chaotically evolving eccentricities and inclinations that can persist for at least 10 Gyr. A wide range of behavior is possible, from fast, low amplitude…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Rory Barnes , Russell Deitrick , Richard Greenberg , Thomas R. Quinn , Sean N. Raymond