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Cognitive effort, defined as the relationship between cognitive load and task performance, provides insight into how individuals allocate mental resources during demanding tasks. This construct is particularly important in high-stakes…
The human brain provides a range of functions such as expressing emotions, controlling the rate of breathing, etc., and its study has attracted the interest of scientists for many years. As machine learning models become more sophisticated,…
Human learning is a complex process in which future behavior is altered via the reorganization of brain activity and connectivity. It remains unknown whether activity and connectivity differentially reorganize during learning, and, if so,…
Working memory, or the ability to hold and manipulate information in the mind, is a critical component of human intelligence and executive functioning. It is correlated with performance on various cognitive tasks, including measures of…
Objective. Decoding visual attention from brain signals during naturalistic video viewing has emerged as a new direction in brain-computer interface research. Current methods assume that stronger coupling between object motion and neural…
The interplay between text and visualization is gaining importance for media where traditional text is enriched by visual elements to improve readability and emphasize facts. In two controlled eye-tracking experiments ($N=12$), we approach…
Recent analyses combining advanced theoretical techniques and high-quality data from thousands of simultaneously recorded neurons provide strong support for the hypothesis that neural dynamics operate near the edge of instability across…
The critical brain hypothesis posits that neural systems operate near a phase transition, optimizing the processing of information. While scale invariance and non-Gaussian dynamics--hallmarks of criticality--have been observed in brain…
Real-world scene perception is typically studied in the laboratory using static picture viewing with restrained head position. Consequently, the transfer of results obtained in this paradigm to real-word scenarios has been questioned. The…
Adaptive behavior, cognition and emotion are the result of a bewildering variety of brain spatiotemporal activity patterns. An important problem in neuroscience is to understand the mechanism by which the human brain's 100 billion neurons…
Eye movements during text reading can provide insights about reading disorders. Via eye-trackers, we can measure when, where and how eyes move with relation to the words they read. Machine Learning (ML) algorithms can decode this…
In this paper, we will present a method for measuring cognitive load and online real-time feedback using the Tobii Pro 2 eye-tracking glasses. The system is envisaged to be capable of estimating high cognitive load states and situations,…
Electroencephalography (EEG) signals signals are often used to learn about brain structure and to learn what thinking. EEG signals can be easily affected by external factors. For this reason, they should be applied various pre-process…
Understanding your audience is foundational to creating high impact visualization designs. However, individual differences and cognitive abilities also influence interactions with information visualization. Differing user needs and…
Human memory -- the learning of new information involves changes at the synaptic level between neurons dedicated for storage of in-formation. Generally, memory is classified as Long-Term Memory and Short-Term Memory. The various types of…
This paper presents the development and validation of an eye-tracking dataset designed to investigate how second-language (L2) learners process idiomatic expressions. While native speakers often rely on direct retrieval of figurative…
Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable similarity to neural activity in the human language network. However, the key properties of language shaping brain-like representations, and their evolution during training as a function of…
Brain decoding is a field of computational neuroscience that uses measurable brain activity to infer mental states or internal representations of perceptual inputs. Therefore, we propose a novel approach to brain decoding that also relies…
Emerging evidence shows that the modular organization of the human brain allows for better and efficient cognitive performance. Many of these cognitive functions are very fast and occur in subsecond time scale such as the visual object…
Many neuromuscular disorders impair function of cranial nerve enervated muscles. Clinical assessment of cranial muscle function has several limitations. Clinician rating of symptoms suffers from inter-rater variation, qualitative or…