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The Segment Anything Model (SAM) excels at general image segmentation but has limited ability to understand natural language, which restricts its direct application in Referring Expression Segmentation (RES). Toward this end, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Wei Tang , Xuejing Liu , Yanpeng Sun , Zechao Li

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has recently emerged as a significant breakthrough in foundation models, demonstrating remarkable zero-shot performance in object segmentation tasks. While SAM is designed for generalization, it exhibits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Josh Stein , Maxime Di Folco , Julia A. Schnabel

The emerging scale segmentation model, Segment Anything (SAM), exhibits impressive capabilities in zero-shot segmentation for natural images. However, when applied to medical images, SAM suffers from noticeable performance drop. To make SAM…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Xinrong Hu , Xiaowei Xu , Yiyu Shi

Visual Foundation Models (VFMs) such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM) have significantly advanced broad use of image segmentation. However, SAM and its variants necessitate substantial manual effort for prompt generation and additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Minjae Lee , Sungwoo Hur , Soojin Hwang , Won Hwa Kim

Fully supervised deep learning (DL) models for surgical video segmentation have been shown to struggle with non-adversarial, real-world corruptions of image quality including smoke, bleeding, and low illumination. Foundation models for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-19 Yiqing Shen , Hao Ding , Xinyuan Shao , Mathias Unberath

The recent advancements in large foundation models have driven the success of open-set image segmentation, a task focused on segmenting objects beyond predefined categories. Among various prompt types (such as points, boxes, texts, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xiaoqi Wang , Clint Sebastian , Wenbin He , Liu Ren

Recently, promptable segmentation models, such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have demonstrated robust zero-shot generalization capabilities on static images. These promptable models exhibit denoising abilities for imprecise prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Tao Zhou , Wenhan Luo , Qi Ye , Zhiguo Shi , Jiming Chen

The Segment Anything Model (SAM), originally designed for general-purpose segmentation tasks, has been used recently for polyp segmentation. Nonetheless, fine-tuning SAM with data from new imaging centers or clinics poses significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Md Mostafijur Rahman , Mustafa Munir , Debesh Jha , Ulas Bagci , Radu Marculescu

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) demonstrates impressive zero-shot segmentation ability on natural images but encounters difficulties in medical imaging due to domain shifts, anatomical variability, and its reliance on user-provided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yingzhen Hu , Yiheng Zhong , Ruobing Li , Yingxue Su , Jiabao An , Feilong Tang , Jionglong Su , Imran Razzak

Segmentation models such as Segment Anything Model (SAM) and SAM2 achieve strong prompt-driven zero-shot performance. However, their training on natural images limits domain transfer to medical data. Consequently, accurate segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Tal Grossman , Noa Cahan , Lev Ayzenberg , Hayit Greenspan

Accurate tongue segmentation is crucial for reliable TCM analysis. Supervised models require large annotated datasets, while SAM-family models remain prompt-driven. We present Memory-SAM, a training-free, human-prompt-free pipeline that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Joongwon Chae , Lihui Luo , Xi Yuan , Dongmei Yu , Zhenglin Chen , Lian Zhang , Peiwu Qin

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) exhibits remarkable versatility and zero-shot learning abilities, owing largely to its extensive training data (SA-1B). Recognizing SAM's dependency on manual guidance given its category-agnostic nature, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Xiyu Qi , Yifan Wu , Yongqiang Mao , Wenhui Zhang , Yidan Zhang

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) and similar models build a family of promptable foundation models (FMs) for image and video segmentation. The object of interest is identified using prompts, such as bounding boxes or points. With these FMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Caroline Magg , Hoel Kervadec , Clara I. Sánchez

Purpose: The Segment Anything Model (SAM) promises to ease the annotation bottleneck in medical segmentation, but overlapping anatomy and blurred boundaries make its point prompts ambiguous, leading to cycles of manual refinement to achieve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Adrien Meyer , Lorenzo Arboit , Giuseppe Massimiani , Shih-Min Yin , Didier Mutter , Nicolas Padoy

Tooth point cloud segmentation is a fundamental task in many orthodontic applications. Current research mainly focuses on fully supervised learning which demands expensive and tedious manual point-wise annotation. Although recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yifan Liu , Wuyang Li , Cheng Wang , Hui Chen , Yixuan Yuan

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has set a new standard in interactive image segmentation, offering robust performance across various tasks. However, its significant computational requirements limit its deployment in real-time or…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-29 Kunal Dasharath Patil , Gowthamaan Palani , Ganapathy Krishnamurthi

Promptable foundation models such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM) produce high-quality masks but remain semantically blind, relying on external prompts to specify categories. Existing vision-language approaches address this limitation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Shayan Jalilian , Abdul Bais

The Segment-Anything Model (SAM) is a vision foundation model for segmentation with a prompt-driven framework. SAM generates class-agnostic masks based on user-specified instance-referring prompts. However, adapting SAM for automated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Hussni Mohd Zakir , Eric Tatt Wei Ho

Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM 2), a prompt-driven foundation model extending SAM to both image and video domains, has shown superior zero-shot performance compared to its predecessor. Building on SAM's success in medical image segmentation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Bin Xie , Hao Tang , Yan Yan , Gady Agam

In the rapidly evolving field of AI research, foundational models like BERT and GPT have significantly advanced language and vision tasks. The advent of pretrain-prompting models such as ChatGPT and Segmentation Anything Model (SAM) has…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-25 Saiyang Na , Yuzhi Guo , Feng Jiang , Hehuan Ma , Junzhou Huang