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With the growing demand for interpretable deep learning models, this paper introduces Integrative CAM, an advanced Class Activation Mapping (CAM) technique aimed at providing a holistic view of feature importance across Convolutional Neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Aniket K. Singh , Debasis Chaudhuri , Manish P. Singh , Samiran Chattopadhyay

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most threatening complications of diabetes that leads to permanent blindness if left untreated. One of the essential challenges is early detection, which is very important for treatment success.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Borys Tymchenko , Philip Marchenko , Dmitry Spodarets

Deep models based on vision transformer (ViT) and convolutional neural network (CNN) have demonstrated remarkable performance on natural datasets. However, these models may not be similar in medical imaging, where abnormal regions cover…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ahmad Chaddad , Yihang Wu , Xianrui Chen

Automating medical reports for retinal images requires a sophisticated blend of visual pattern recognition and deep clinical knowledge. Current Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) often struggle in specialized medical fields where data is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Nagur Shareef Shaik , Teja Krishna Cherukuri , Dong Hye Ye

Diabetic retinopathy is a severe eye condition caused by diabetes where the retinal blood vessels get damaged and can lead to vision loss and blindness if not treated. Early and accurate detection is key to intervention and stopping the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Shamim Rahim Refat , Ziyan Shirin Raha , Shuvashis Sarker , Faika Fairuj Preotee , MD. Musfikur Rahman , Tashreef Muhammad , Mohammad Shafiul Alam

Accurate segmentation of retinal vessels is a basic step in Diabetic retinopathy(DR) detection. Most methods based on deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) have small receptive fields, and hence they are unable to capture global context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Yun Jiang , Ning Tan , Tingting Peng , Hai Zhang

Deep learning based approaches to Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) typically pose the problem as an image classification (Normal or Abnormal) problem. These systems achieve high to very high accuracy in specific disease detection for which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-06 Aniket Joshi , Gaurav Mishra , Jayanthi Sivaswamy

Deep learning brought boosts to auto diabetic retinopathy (DR) diagnosis, thus, greatly helping ophthalmologists for early disease detection, which contributes to preventing disease deterioration that may eventually lead to blindness. It…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-15 Xue Xia , Kun Zhan , Yuming Fang , Wenhui Jiang , Fei Shen

The automatic grading of diabetic retinopathy (DR) facilitates medical diagnosis for both patients and physicians. Existing researches formulate DR grading as an image classification problem. As the stages/categories of DR correlate with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Shaoteng Liu , Lijun Gong , Kai Ma , Yefeng Zheng

The ultra-wide optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has become an important imaging modality in diabetic retinopathy (DR) diagnosis. However, there are few researches focusing on automatic DR analysis using ultra-wide OCTA. In…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-04 Junlin Hou , Fan Xiao , Jilan Xu , Yuejie Zhang , Haidong Zou , Rui Feng

Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of blindness in diabetic patients and early detection plays a crucial role in preventing vision loss. Traditional diagnostic methods are often time-consuming and prone to errors. The emergence of deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Saif Ur Rehman Khan , Muhammad Nabeel Asim , Sebastian Vollmer , Andreas Dengel

This paper presents a multitask deep learning model to detect all the five stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) consisting of no DR, mild DR, moderate DR, severe DR, and proliferate DR. This multitask model consists of one classification…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-14 Sharmin Majumder , Nasser Kehtarnavaz

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of vision impairment, requires early detection and treatment. Developing robust AI models for DR classification holds substantial potential, but a key challenge is ensuring their generalization in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Sanoojan Baliah , Fadillah A. Maani , Santosh Sanjeev , Muhammad Haris Khan

The integration of vision-language models such as CLIP and Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offers a promising approach to explaining deep neural network (DNN) decisions using concepts understandable by humans, addressing the black-box…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Townim F. Chowdhury , Vu Minh Hieu Phan , Kewen Liao , Minh-Son To , Yutong Xie , Anton van den Hengel , Johan W. Verjans , Zhibin Liao

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the major blindness-causing diseases currently known. Automatic grading of DR using deep learning methods not only speeds up the diagnosis of the disease but also reduces the rate of misdiagnosis.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-25 Lei Shi , Bin Wang , Junxing Zhang

Model interpretability is a requirement in many applications in which crucial decisions are made by users relying on a model's outputs. The recent movement for "algorithmic fairness" also stipulates explainability, and therefore…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Xuan Liu , Xiaoguang Wang , Stan Matwin

Manually annotating medical images is extremely expensive, especially for large-scale datasets. Self-supervised contrastive learning has been explored to learn feature representations from unlabeled images. However, unlike natural images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Yijin Huang , Li Lin , Pujin Cheng , Junyan Lyu , Xiaoying Tang

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide and a common complication of diabetes. As two different imaging tools for DR grading, color fundus photography (CFP) and infrared fundus photography (IFP) are…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-04 Fan Xiao , Junlin Hou , Ruiwei Zhao , Rui Feng , Haidong Zou , Lina Lu , Yi Xu , Juzhao Zhang

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is an ocular condition caused by a sustained high level of sugar in the blood, which causes the retinal capillaries to block and bleed, causing retinal tissue damage. It usually results in blindness. Early…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-11 Md. Simul Hasan Talukder , Ajay Kirshno Sarkar , Sharmin Akter , Md. Nuhi-Alamin

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is considered one of the significant concerns worldwide, primarily due to its impact on causing vision loss among most people with diabetes. The severity of DR is typically comprehended manually by ophthalmologists…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Tejas Karkera , Chandranath Adak , Soumi Chattopadhyay , Muhammad Saqib