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Recent advances in self-supervised learning for EEG representation have largely relied on masked reconstruction, where models are trained to recover randomly masked signal segments. While effective at modeling local dependencies, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Shaocong Wang , Tong Liu , Yihan Li , Ming Li , Kairui Wen , Pei Yang , Wenqi Ji , Minjing Yu , Yong-Jin Liu

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based visual perception reconstruction has become an important area of research. Neuroscientific studies indicate that humans can decode imagined 3D objects by perceiving or imagining various visual information,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Xin Xiang , Wenhui Zhou , Guojun Dai

While electroencephalogram (EEG) has been a crucial tool for monitoring the brain and diagnosing neurological disorders (e.g., epilepsy), learning meaningful representations from raw EEG signals remains challenging due to limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jia Hong Puah , Sim Kuan Goh , Ziwei Zhang , Zixuan Ye , Chow Khuen Chan , Kheng Seang Lim , Si Lei Fong , Kok Sin Woon , Cuntai Guan

Advances in neuroscience and artificial intelligence have enabled preliminary decoding of brain activity. However, despite the progress, the interpretability of neural representations remains limited. A significant challenge arises from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Hasib Aslam , Muhammad Talal Faiz , Muhammad Imran Malik

How to decode human vision through neural signals has attracted a long-standing interest in neuroscience and machine learning. Modern contrastive learning and generative models improved the performance of visual decoding and reconstruction…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Dongyang Li , Chen Wei , Shiying Li , Jiachen Zou , Haoyang Qin , Quanying Liu

For real-world BCI applications, lightweight Electroencephalography (EEG) systems offer the best cost-deployment balance. However, such spatial sparsity of EEG limits spatial fidelity, hurting learning and introducing bias. EEG spatial…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Hongjun Liu , Leyu Zhou , Zijianghao Yang , Chao Yao

Visual neural decoding from EEG has improved significantly due to diffusion models that can reconstruct high-quality images from decoded latents. While recent works have focused on relatively complex architectures to achieve good…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-25 Teng Fei , Srinivas Ravishankar , Zhining Chen , Abhinav Uppal , Ian Jackson , Virginia R. de Sa

Generating images from brain waves is gaining increasing attention due to its potential to advance brain-computer interface (BCI) systems by understanding how brain signals encode visual cues. Most of the literature has focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Eleonora Lopez , Luigi Sigillo , Federica Colonnese , Massimo Panella , Danilo Comminiello

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used, non-invasive method for capturing brain activity, and is particularly relevant for applications in Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI). However, collecting high-quality EEG data remains a major…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-22 Henrique de Lima Alexandre , Clodoaldo Aparecido de Moraes Lima

Seeing is believing, however, the underlying mechanism of how human visual perceptions are intertwined with our cognitions is still a mystery. Thanks to the recent advances in both neuroscience and artificial intelligence, we have been able…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-17 Yu-Ting Lan , Kan Ren , Yansen Wang , Wei-Long Zheng , Dongsheng Li , Bao-Liang Lu , Lili Qiu

Neural decoding from electroencephalography (EEG) remains fundamentally limited by poor generalization to unseen subjects, driven by high inter-subject variability and the lack of large-scale datasets to model it effectively. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Mengchun Zhang , Kateryna Shapovalenko , Yucheng Shao , Eddie Guo , Parusha Pradhan

Existing EEG-driven image reconstruction methods often overlook spatial attention mechanisms, limiting fidelity and semantic coherence. To address this, we propose a dual-conditioning framework that combines EEG embeddings with spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Igor Abramov , Ilya Makarov

Image completion techniques have made significant progress in filling missing regions (i.e., holes) in images. However, large-hole completion remains challenging due to limited structural information. In this paper, we address this problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Daichi Horita , Jiaolong Yang , Dong Chen , Yuki Koyama , Kiyoharu Aizawa , Nicu Sebe

Analyzing and reconstructing visual stimuli from brain signals effectively advances the understanding of human visual system. However, the EEG signals are complex and contain significant noise. This leads to substantial limitations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Honghao Fu , Zhiqi Shen , Jing Jih Chin , Hao Wang

This paper introduces DreamDiffusion, a novel method for generating high-quality images directly from brain electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, without the need to translate thoughts into text. DreamDiffusion leverages pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Yunpeng Bai , Xintao Wang , Yan-pei Cao , Yixiao Ge , Chun Yuan , Ying Shan

Reconstructing visual stimulus images is a significant task in neural decoding, and up to now, most studies consider the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as the signal source. However, the fMRI-based image reconstruction methods…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-12 Hongguang Pan , Zhuoyi Li , Yunpeng Fu , Xuebin Qin , Jianchen Hu

Reconstructing visual stimuli from non-invasive electroencephalography (EEG) remains challenging due to its low spatial resolution and high noise, particularly under realistic low-density electrode configurations. To address this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Emanuele Balloni , Emanuele Frontoni , Chiara Matti , Marina Paolanti , Roberto Pierdicca , Emiliano Santarnecchi

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have become a popular medium for decoding visual information due to their cost-effectiveness and high temporal resolution. However, current approaches face significant challenges in bridging the modality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Sicheng Dai , Hongwang Xiao , Shan Yu , Qiwei Ye

Those experiencing strokes, traumatic brain injuries, and drug complications can often end up hospitalized and diagnosed with coma or locked-in syndrome. Such mental impediments can permanently alter the neurological pathways in work and…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-04 David Fahim , Joshveer Grewal , Ritvik Ellendula

NECOMIMI (NEural-COgnitive MultImodal EEG-Informed Image Generation with Diffusion Models) introduces a novel framework for generating images directly from EEG signals using advanced diffusion models. Unlike previous works that focused…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2024-10-04 Chi-Sheng Chen
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