English

EEG-Driven Image Reconstruction with Saliency-Guided Diffusion Models

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2025-10-31 v1

Abstract

Existing EEG-driven image reconstruction methods often overlook spatial attention mechanisms, limiting fidelity and semantic coherence. To address this, we propose a dual-conditioning framework that combines EEG embeddings with spatial saliency maps to enhance image generation. Our approach leverages the Adaptive Thinking Mapper (ATM) for EEG feature extraction and fine-tunes Stable Diffusion 2.1 via Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) to align neural signals with visual semantics, while a ControlNet branch conditions generation on saliency maps for spatial control. Evaluated on THINGS-EEG, our method achieves a significant improvement in the quality of low- and high-level image features over existing approaches. Simultaneously, strongly aligning with human visual attention. The results demonstrate that attentional priors resolve EEG ambiguities, enabling high-fidelity reconstructions with applications in medical diagnostics and neuroadaptive interfaces, advancing neural decoding through efficient adaptation of pre-trained diffusion models.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.2510.26391,
  title  = {EEG-Driven Image Reconstruction with Saliency-Guided Diffusion Models},
  author = {Igor Abramov and Ilya Makarov},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.26391},
  year   = {2025}
}

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Demo paper

R2 v1 2026-07-01T07:13:39.607Z