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The promise of AI in medicine depends on learning from data that reflect what matters to patients and clinicians. Most existing models are trained on electronic health records (EHRs), which capture biological measures but rarely…

This review introduces the transformative potential of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) and foundation models, including large language models (LLMs), for health technology assessment (HTA). We explore their applications in four…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Rachael Fleurence , Jiang Bian , Xiaoyan Wang , Hua Xu , Dalia Dawoud , Mitch Higashi , Jagpreet Chhatwal

There is a growing need to semantically process and integrate clinical data from different sources for clinical research. This paper presents an approach to integrate EHRs from heterogeneous resources and generate integrated data in…

Electronic health records (EHRs) contain valuable patient data for health-related prediction tasks, such as disease prediction. Traditional approaches rely on supervised learning methods that require large labeled datasets, which can be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Hejie Cui , Zhuocheng Shen , Jieyu Zhang , Hui Shao , Lianhui Qin , Joyce C. Ho , Carl Yang

The extraction of critical patient information from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) poses significant challenges due to the complexity and unstructured nature of the data. Traditional machine learning approaches often fail to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhimeng Luo , Abhibha Gupta , Adam Frisch , Daqing He

Modern electronic health records (EHRs) provide data to answer clinically meaningful questions. The growing data in EHRs makes healthcare ripe for the use of machine learning. However, learning in a clinical setting presents unique…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-09 Marzyeh Ghassemi , Tristan Naumann , Peter Schulam , Andrew L. Beam , Irene Y. Chen , Rajesh Ranganath

Introduced in the early 2010s, Electronic Health Records (EHRs) have become ubiquitous in hospitals. Despite clear benefits, they remain unpopular among healthcare professionals and present significant challenges. Positioned at the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Louise Robert , Laurine Moniez , Quentin Luzurier , David Morquin

The integration of multimodal Electronic Health Records (EHR) data has significantly improved clinical predictive capabilities. Leveraging clinical notes and multivariate time-series EHR, existing models often lack the medical context…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Yinghao Zhu , Changyu Ren , Shiyun Xie , Shukai Liu , Hangyuan Ji , Zixiang Wang , Tao Sun , Long He , Zhoujun Li , Xi Zhu , Chengwei Pan

The advancement in healthcare has shifted focus toward patient-centric approaches, particularly in self-care and patient education, facilitated by access to Electronic Health Records (EHR). However, medical jargon in EHRs poses significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Zonghai Yao , Nandyala Siddharth Kantu , Guanghao Wei , Hieu Tran , Zhangqi Duan , Sunjae Kwon , Zhichao Yang , README annotation team , Hong Yu

As the ageing population grows, older adults increasingly rely on wearable devices to monitor chronic conditions. However, conventional health data representations (HDRs) often present accessibility challenges, particularly for critical…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Peterson Jean , Emma Murphy , Enda Bates

Electronic health records (EHR's) are only a first step in capturing and utilizing health-related data - the problem is turning that data into useful information. Models produced via data mining and predictive analysis profile inherited…

Databases · Computer Science 2011-12-08 Casey Bennett , Thomas Doub

The increased capabilities of generative AI have dramatically expanded its possible use cases in medicine. We provide a comprehensive overview of generative AI use cases for clinicians, patients, clinical trial organizers, researchers, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Divya Shanmugam , Monica Agrawal , Rajiv Movva , Irene Y. Chen , Marzyeh Ghassemi , Maia Jacobs , Emma Pierson

Clinical decision-making is inherently complex, often influenced by cognitive biases, incomplete information, and case ambiguity. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise as tools for supporting clinical decision-making, yet their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Burcu Sayin , Ipek Baris Schlicht , Ngoc Vo Hong , Sara Allievi , Jacopo Staiano , Pasquale Minervini , Andrea Passerini

Patients have distinct information needs about their hospitalization that can be addressed using clinical evidence from electronic health records (EHRs). While artificial intelligence (AI) systems show promise in meeting these needs, robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sarvesh Soni , Dina Demner-Fushman

The rapid advancement of AI is transforming human-centered systems, with profound implications for human-AI interaction, human-data interaction, and visual analytics. In the AI era, data analysis increasingly involves large-scale,…

Healthcare is becoming a more and more important research topic recently. With the growing data in the healthcare domain, it offers a great opportunity for deep learning to improve the quality of medical service. However, the complexity of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Bo Yang , Lijun Wu

Pre-consultation is a critical component of effective healthcare delivery. However, generating comprehensive pre-consultation questionnaires from complex, voluminous Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) is a challenging task. Direct Large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Ruiqing Ding , Qianfang Sun , Yongkang Leng , Hui Yin , Xiaojian Li

Digital health tools have the potential to significantly improve the delivery of healthcare services. However, their adoption remains comparatively limited due, in part, to challenges surrounding usability and trust. Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Fergus Imrie , Paulius Rauba , Mihaela van der Schaar

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have opened up new opportunities for transforming patient engagement in healthcare through conversational AI. This paper presents an overview of the current landscape of LLMs in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Bo Wen , Raquel Norel , Julia Liu , Thaddeus Stappenbeck , Farhana Zulkernine , Huamin Chen

Serious Illness Conversations (SICs), discussions about values and care preferences for patients with life-threatening illness, rarely occur in Emergency Departments (EDs), despite evidence that early conversations improve care alignment…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Menglin Zhao , Zhuorui Yong , Ruijia Guan , Kai-Wei Chang , Adrian Haimovich , Kei Ouchi , Timothy Bickmore , Zhan Zhang , Bingsheng Yao , Dakuo Wang , Smit Desai