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In this study, a sensor fusion based GNSS spoofing attack detection framework is presented that consists of three concurrent strategies for an autonomous vehicle (AV): (i) prediction of location shift, (ii) detection of turns (left or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Sagar Dasgupta , Mizanur Rahman , Mhafuzul Islam , Mashrur Chowdhury

We propose a real-time hybrid controller scheme to detect and mitigate False-Data Injection (FDI) attacks on Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC). Our method uses sensor redundancy to create equivalent controller realizations, each…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-16 Mischa Huisman , Carlos Murguia , Erjen Lefeber , Nathan van de Wouw

Camera and LiDAR serve as informative sensors for accurate and robust autonomous driving systems. However, these sensors often exhibit heterogeneous natures, resulting in distributional modality gaps that present significant challenges for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yiran Yang , Xu Gao , Tong Wang , Xin Hao , Yifeng Shi , Xiao Tan , Xiaoqing Ye , Jingdong Wang

Large-scale deployment of autonomous vehicles has been continually delayed due to safety concerns. On the one hand, comprehensive scene understanding is indispensable, a lack of which would result in vulnerability to rare but complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Hao Shao , Letian Wang , RuoBing Chen , Hongsheng Li , Yu Liu

Fusing the camera and LiDAR information has become a de-facto standard for 3D object detection tasks. Current methods rely on point clouds from the LiDAR sensor as queries to leverage the feature from the image space. However, people…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Tingting Liang , Hongwei Xie , Kaicheng Yu , Zhongyu Xia , Zhiwei Lin , Yongtao Wang , Tao Tang , Bing Wang , Zhi Tang

In this work, we propose a new approach that combines data from multiple sensors for reliable obstacle avoidance. The sensors include two depth cameras and a LiDAR arranged so that they can capture the whole 3D area in front of the robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Thanh Nguyen Canh , Truong Son Nguyen , Cong Hoang Quach , Xiem HoangVan , Manh Duong Phung

Modern autonomous driving perception systems utilize complementary multi-modal sensors, such as LiDAR and cameras. Although sensor fusion architectures enhance performance in challenging environments, they still suffer significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Konyul Park , Yecheol Kim , Daehun Kim , Jun Won Choi

A secure fingerprint recognition system must contain both a presentation attack (i.e., spoof) detection and recognition module in order to protect users against unwanted access by malicious users. Traditionally, these tasks would be carried…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Steven A. Grosz , Kanishka P. Wijewardena , Anil K. Jain

In this paper, we propose a new deep architecture for fusing camera and LiDAR sensors for 3D object detection. Because the camera and LiDAR sensor signals have different characteristics and distributions, fusing these two modalities is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Jin Hyeok Yoo , Yecheol Kim , Jisong Kim , Jun Won Choi

In autonomous driving, there has been an explosion in the use of deep neural networks for perception, prediction and planning tasks. As autonomous vehicles (AVs) move closer to production, multi-modal sensor inputs and heterogeneous vehicle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Sammy Sidhu , Linda Wang , Tayyab Naseer , Ashish Malhotra , Jay Chia , Aayush Ahuja , Ella Rasmussen , Qiangui Huang , Ray Gao

Accurate and robust object detection is critical for autonomous driving. Image-based detectors face difficulties caused by low visibility in adverse weather conditions. Thus, radar-camera fusion is of particular interest but presents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Huawei Sun , Hao Feng , Georg Stettinger , Lorenzo Servadei , Robert Wille

Camera and 3D LiDAR sensors have become indispensable devices in modern autonomous driving vehicles, where the camera provides the fine-grained texture, color information in 2D space and LiDAR captures more precise and farther-away distance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Lin Zhao , Hui Zhou , Xinge Zhu , Xiao Song , Hongsheng Li , Wenbing Tao

Reliable detection and tracking of surrounding objects are indispensable for comprehensive motion prediction and planning of autonomous vehicles. Due to the limitations of individual sensors, the fusion of multiple sensor modalities is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Phillip Karle , Felix Fent , Sebastian Huch , Florian Sauerbeck , Markus Lienkamp

Collaborative perception allows connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) to improve perception by sharing sensory data, but it also introduces security risks from manipulated inputs. Prior work shows that attackers can spoof or remove…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Qingzhao Zhang , Runting Zhang , Z. Morley Mao

LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is a pivotal sensor for autonomous driving, offering precise 3D spatial information. Previous signal attacks against LiDAR systems mainly exploit laser signals. In this paper, we investigate the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-27 Zizhi Jin , Qinhong Jiang , Xuancun Lu , Chen Yan , Xiaoyu Ji , Wenyuan Xu

We present an end-to-end method for object detection and trajectory prediction utilizing multi-view representations of LiDAR returns and camera images. In this work, we recognize the strengths and weaknesses of different view…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Sudeep Fadadu , Shreyash Pandey , Darshan Hegde , Yi Shi , Fang-Chieh Chou , Nemanja Djuric , Carlos Vallespi-Gonzalez

3D multi-object tracking (MOT) is essential for an autonomous mobile agent to safely navigate a scene. In order to maximize the perception capabilities of the autonomous agent, we aim to develop a 3D MOT framework that fuses camera and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Tara Sadjadpour , Rares Ambrus , Jeannette Bohg

Deploying depth estimation networks in the real world requires high-level robustness against various adverse conditions to ensure safe and reliable autonomy. For this purpose, many autonomous vehicles employ multi-modal sensor systems,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ukcheol Shin , Kyunghyun Lee , Jean Oh

Multimodal sensor fusion is an essential capability for autonomous robots, enabling object detection and decision-making in the presence of failing or uncertain inputs. While recent fusion methods excel in normal environmental conditions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Edoardo Palladin , Roland Dietze , Praveen Narayanan , Mario Bijelic , Felix Heide

To address the challenges of sensor fusion and safety risk prediction, contemporary closed-loop autonomous driving neural networks leveraging imitation learning typically require a substantial volume of parameters and computational…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Yipin Guo , Yilin Lang , Qinyuan Ren