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With the emergence of large language models (LLMs), there is an expectation that LLMs can effectively extract explicit information from complex real-world documents (e.g., papers, reports). However, most LLMs generate paragraph-style…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Tianyun Zhong , Guozhao Mo , Yanjiang Liu , Yihan Chen , Lingdi Kong , Xuanang Chen , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Shiwei Ye , Xianpei Han , Ben He , Le Sun

As a research community grows, more and more papers are published each year. As a result there is increasing demand for improved methods for finding relevant papers, automatically understanding the key ideas and recommending potential…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-01-03 Yi Luan

The amount of scientific papers published every day is daunting and constantly increasing. Keeping up with literature represents a challenge. If one wants to start exploring new topics it is hard to have a big picture without reading lots…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Alberto Calderone

Recently, significant progress has been made applying machine learning to the problem of table structure inference and extraction from unstructured documents. However, one of the greatest challenges remains the creation of datasets with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Brandon Smock , Rohith Pesala , Robin Abraham

Processing large amounts of data is an essential problem of the big data era. Most of the data exchange is done via direct communication (using APIs) and well-structured file formats (JSON, XML, EDI, etc.), but a significant portion of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Vladimir Bernstein , Andrei Afanassenkov

Abundant and diverse data on medicines manufacturing and other lifecycle components has been made easily accessible in the last decades. However, a significant proportion of this information is characterised by not being tabulated and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Diego Alvarado-Maldonado , Blair Johnston , Cameron J. Brown

The sheer volume of scientific experimental results and complex technical statements, often presented in tabular formats, presents a formidable barrier to individuals acquiring preferred information. The realms of scientific reasoning and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Zhixin Guo , Jianping Zhou , Jiexing Qi , Mingxuan Yan , Ziwei He , Guanjie Zheng , Zhouhan Lin , Xinbing Wang , Chenghu Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) show promise for extracting clinically meaningful information from unstructured health records, yet their translation into real-world settings is constrained by the lack of scalable and trustworthy validation…

Unstructured text from legal, medical, and administrative sources offers a rich but underutilized resource for research in public health and the social sciences. However, large-scale analysis is hampered by two key challenges: the presence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Anders Ledberg , Anna Thalén

AI methods are increasingly shaping pharmaceutical drug discovery. However, their translation to industrial applications remains limited due to their reliance on public datasets, lacking scale and diversity of proprietary pharmaceutical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Markus Bujotzek , Evelyn Trautmann , Calum Hand , Ian Hales

Superior to state-of-the-art approaches which compete in table recognition with 67 annotated government reports in PDF format released by {\it ICDAR 2013 Table Competition}, this paper contributes a novel paradigm leveraging large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-09-23 Miao Fan , Doo Soon Kim

As the volume of scientific literature grows, efficient knowledge organization becomes increasingly challenging. Traditional approaches to structuring scientific content are time-consuming and require significant domain expertise,…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Lena John , Ahmed Malek Ghanmi , Tim Wittenborg , Sören Auer , Oliver Karras

The unstructured nature of clinical notes within electronic health records often conceals vital patient-related information, making it challenging to access or interpret. To uncover this hidden information, specialized Natural Language…

Recent advancements in language models (LMs) have notably enhanced their ability to reason with tabular data, primarily through program-aided mechanisms that manipulate and analyze tables. However, these methods often require the entire…

Semi-structured table question answering (QA) is a challenging task that requires (1) precise extraction of cell contents and positions and (2) accurate recovery of key implicit logical structures, hierarchical relationships, and semantic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jinxiu Qu , Zirui Tang , Hongzhang Huang , Boyu Niu , Wei Zhou , Jiannan Wang , Yitong Song , Guoliang Li , Xuanhe Zhou , Fan Wu

Objective: To develop software utilizing optical character recognition toward the automatic extraction of data from bar charts for meta-analysis. Methods: We utilized a multistep data extraction approach that included figure extraction,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Alex Carderas , Ye Yuan , Itamar Livnat , Ryan Yanagihara , Rosita Saul , Gabrielle Montes De Oca , Kai Zheng , Andrew W. Browne

Two key issues hindering the transition towards FAIR data science are the poor discoverability and inconsistent instructions for the use of data extractor tools, i.e., how we go from raw data files created by instruments, to accessible…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2025-06-24 Matthew L. Evans , Gian-Marco Rignanese , David Elbert , Peter Kraus

Endometriosis ultrasound reports are often unstructured free-text documents that require manual abstraction for downstream tasks such as analytics, machine learning model training, and clinical auditing. We present \textbf{EndoExtract}, an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Haiyi Li , Yiyang Zhao , Yutong Li , Alison Deslandes , Jodie Avery , Mathew Leonardi , Mary Louise Hull , Hsiang-Ting Chen

The exponential increase in academic papers has significantly increased the time required for researchers to access relevant literature. Keyphrase Extraction (KPE) offers a solution to this situation by enabling researchers to efficiently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Chengzhi Zhang , Xinyi Yan , Lei Zhao , Yingyi Zhang

The rapid expansion of publicly-available medical data presents a challenge for clinicians and researchers alike, increasing the gap between the volume of scientific literature and its applications. The steady growth of studies and findings…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Taine J. Elliott , Stephen P. Levitt , Ken Nixon , Martin Bekker