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Off-policy evaluation (OPE) holds the promise of being able to leverage large, offline datasets for both evaluating and selecting complex policies for decision making. The ability to learn offline is particularly important in many…

For over 50 years, researchers have been trying to teach computers to read music notation, referred to as Optical Music Recognition (OMR). However, this field is still difficult to access for new researchers, especially those without a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-30 Jorge Calvo-Zaragoza , Jan Hajič , Alexander Pacha

Objective: Accurate probability estimates are essential for the safe deployment of medical image segmentation models in clinical decision-making. However, modern deep segmentation networks are often poorly calibrated, a problem exacerbated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Meritxell Riera-Marín , Javier García López , Júlia Rodríguez-Comas , Miguel A. González Ballester , Adrian Galdran

Deep neural networks exhibit remarkable performance, yet their black-box nature limits their utility in fields like healthcare where interpretability is crucial. Existing explainability approaches often sacrifice accuracy and lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Linhui Huang , Sayeri Lala , Niraj K. Jha

The advancement of autonomous robotic systems has led to impressive capabilities in perception, localization, mapping, and control. Yet, a fundamental gap remains: existing frameworks excel at geometric reasoning and dynamic stability but…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Jaehong Oh

OpenMP is the de facto standard to exploit the on-node parallelism in new generation supercomputers.Despite its overall ease of use, even expert users are known to create OpenMP programs that harbor concurrency errors, of which one of the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2017-09-15 Simone Atzeni , Ganesh Gopalakrishnan

The use of omni-LLMs (large language models that accept any modality as input), particularly for multimodal cognitive state tasks involving speech, is understudied. We present OmniVox, the first systematic evaluation of four omni-LLMs on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 John Murzaku , Owen Rambow

Singing melody extraction is an important problem in the field of music information retrieval. Existing methods typically rely on frequency-domain representations to estimate the sung frequencies. However, this design does not lead to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-03 Ke Chen , Shuai Yu , Cheng-i Wang , Wei Li , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Shlomo Dubnov

The goal of ordinal embedding is to represent items as points in a low-dimensional Euclidean space given a set of constraints in the form of distance comparisons like "item $i$ is closer to item $j$ than item $k$". Ordinal constraints like…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-24 Lalit Jain , Kevin Jamieson , Robert Nowak

Omni-modal reasoning is essential for intelligent systems to understand and draw inferences from diverse data sources. While existing omni-modal large language models (OLLM) excel at perceiving diverse modalities, they lack the complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yiran Guan , Sifan Tu , Dingkang Liang , Linghao Zhu , Jianzhong Ju , Zhenbo Luo , Jian Luan , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai

Omni-modal large language models (OLLMs) aim to unify audio, vision, and text understanding within a single framework. While existing benchmarks primarily evaluate general cross-modal question-answering ability, it remains unclear whether…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xingrui Wang , Jiang Liu , Chao Huang , Xiaodong Yu , Ze Wang , Ximeng Sun , Jialian Wu , Alan Yuille , Emad Barsoum , Zicheng Liu

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are ubiquitous in computer vision and natural language processing, but suffer from high inference cost. This problem can be addressed by quantization, which consists in converting floating point perations into a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Edouard Yvinec , Arnaud Dapogny , Kevin Bailly

Uncertainty estimation is an important research area to make deep neural networks (DNNs) more trustworthy. While extensive research on uncertainty estimation has been conducted with unimodal data, uncertainty estimation for multimodal data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Myong Chol Jung , He Zhao , Joanna Dipnall , Lan Du

Recent advances in Omni models have enabled unified multimodal perception and generation. However, most existing systems still exhibit rigid reasoning behaviors, either overthinking simple problems or failing to reason when necessary. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Dongchao Yang , Songxiang Liu , Disong Wang , Yuanyuan Wang , Guanglu Wan , Helen Meng

Many important classification problems in the real-world consist of a large number of closely related categories in a hierarchical structure or taxonomy. Hierarchical multi-label text classification (HMTC) with higher accuracy over large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Pengfei Gao , Jingpeng Zhao , Yinglong Ma , Ahmad Tanvir , Beihong Jin

Multi-modal generative document parsing systems challenge traditional evaluation: unlike deterministic OCR or layout models, they often produce semantically correct yet structurally divergent outputs. Conventional metrics-CER, WER, IoU, or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Renyu Li , Antonio Jimeno Yepes , Yao You , Kamil Pluciński , Maximilian Operlejn , Crag Wolfe

Previous work has shown that neural architectures are able to perform optical music recognition (OMR) on monophonic and homophonic music with high accuracy. However, piano and orchestral scores frequently exhibit polyphonic passages, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-05 Sachinda Edirisooriya , Hao-Wen Dong , Julian McAuley , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as judges to replace costly human preference labels in pairwise evaluation. Despite their practicality, LLM judges remain prone to miscalibration and systematic biases. This paper proposes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Sher Badshah , Ali Emami , Hassan Sajjad

Benchmarking involves designing, running and disseminating rigorous performance assessments of methods, most often for data analysis and software tools, but the process can also be applied to experimental systems. Ideally, a benchmarking…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-12 Izaskun Mallona , Almut Luetge , Ben Carrillo , Daniel Incicau , Reto Gerber , Aidan Meara , Anthony Sonrel , Charlotte Soneson , Mark D. Robinson

As model context lengths continue to grow, concerns about whether models effectively use the full context length have persisted. While several carefully designed long-context evaluations have recently been released, these evaluations tend…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Amanda Bertsch , Adithya Pratapa , Teruko Mitamura , Graham Neubig , Matthew R. Gormley
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