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Text-to-image retrieval (T2I retrieval) remains challenging because cross-modal embeddings often behave as bags of concepts, underrepresenting structured visual relationships such as pose and viewpoint. We proposeVisualize-then-Retrieve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Di Wu , Yixin Wan , Kai-Wei Chang

Multimodal information extraction (MIE) is crucial for scientific literature, where valuable data is often spread across text, figures, and tables. In materials science, extracting structured information from research articles can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Ghazal Khalighinejad , Sharon Scott , Ollie Liu , Kelly L. Anderson , Rickard Stureborg , Aman Tyagi , Bhuwan Dhingra

In this paper we perform a comparative analysis of three models for feature representation of text documents in the context of document classification. In particular, we consider the most often used family of models bag-of-words, recently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-06 Sanda Martinčić-Ipšić , Tanja Miličić , Ljupčo Todorovski

Learning visual representations of medical images (e.g., X-rays) is core to medical image understanding but its progress has been held back by the scarcity of human annotations. Existing work commonly relies on fine-tuning weights…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-21 Yuhao Zhang , Hang Jiang , Yasuhide Miura , Christopher D. Manning , Curtis P. Langlotz

There has been a significant effort by the research community to address the problem of providing methods to organize documentation with the help of information Retrieval methods. In this report paper, we present several experiments with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Rui Portocarrero Sarmento , Douglas O. Cardoso , João Gama , Pavel Brazdil

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as an effective paradigm for generating contextually accurate answers by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with retrieval mechanisms. However, in legal contexts, users frequently…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-16 João Alberto de Oliveira Lima

Understanding information from visually rich documents remains a significant challenge for traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods. Existing benchmarks predominantly focus on image-based question answering (QA), overlooking…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Qiuchen Wang , Ruixue Ding , Zehui Chen , Weiqi Wu , Shihang Wang , Pengjun Xie , Feng Zhao

Probabilistic embeddings have proven useful for capturing polysemous word meanings, as well as ambiguity in image matching. In this paper, we study the advantages of probabilistic embeddings in a cross-modal setting (i.e., text and images),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-21 Leila Pishdad , Ran Zhang , Konstantinos G. Derpanis , Allan Jepson , Afsaneh Fazly

Tagging news articles or blog posts with relevant tags from a collection of predefined ones is coined as document tagging in this work. Accurate tagging of articles can benefit several downstream applications such as recommendation and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Sheng Chen , Akshay Soni , Aasish Pappu , Yashar Mehdad

Scientific documents contain tables that list important information in a concise fashion. Structure and content extraction from tables embedded within PDF research documents is a very challenging task due to the existence of visual features…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Pratik Kayal , Mrinal Anand , Harsh Desai , Mayank Singh

Documents are a common way to store and share information, with tables being an important part of many documents. However, there is no real common understanding of how to model documents and tables in particular. Because of this lack of…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Sebastian Kempf , Frank Puppe

Visualizations play a crucial part in effective communication of concepts and information. Recent advances in reasoning and retrieval augmented generation have enabled Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform deep research and generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zhaorui Yang , Bo Pan , Han Wang , Yiyao Wang , Xingyu Liu , Luoxuan Weng , Yingchaojie Feng , Haozhe Feng , Minfeng Zhu , Bo Zhang , Wei Chen

Visual document understanding is a complex task that involves analyzing both the text and the visual elements in document images. Existing models often rely on manual feature engineering or domain-specific pipelines, which limit their…

We consider text retrieval within dense representational space in real-world settings such as e-commerce search where (a) document popularity and (b) diversity of queries associated with a document have a skewed distribution. Most of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-12 Nan Jiang , Dhivya Eswaran , Choon Hui Teo , Yexiang Xue , Yesh Dattatreya , Sujay Sanghavi , Vishy Vishwanathan

While synthetic data has proven effective for improving scientific reasoning in the text domain, multimodal reasoning remains constrained by the difficulty of synthesizing scientifically rigorous images. Existing Text-to-Image (T2I) models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Honglin Lin , Chonghan Qin , Zheng Liu , Qizhi Pei , Yu Li , Zhanping Zhong , Xin Gao , Yanfeng Wang , Conghui He , Lijun Wu

Recent work exhibited that distributed word representations are good at capturing linguistic regularities in language. This allows vector-oriented reasoning based on simple linear algebra between words. Since many different methods have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-25 Fei Sun , Jiafeng Guo , Yanyan Lan , Jun Xu , Xueqi Cheng

Understanding and extracting of information from large documents, such as business opportunities, academic articles, medical documents and technical reports, poses challenges not present in short documents. Such large documents may be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Muhammad Mahbubur Rahman , Tim Finin

Multimedia collections are more than ever growing in size and diversity. Effective multimedia retrieval systems are thus critical to access these datasets from the end-user perspective and in a scalable way. We are interested in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2014-01-28 Gabriela Csurka , Julien Ah-Pine , Stéphane Clinchant

Most text retrievers generate \emph{one} query vector to retrieve relevant documents. Yet, the conditional distribution of relevant documents for the query may be multimodal, e.g., representing different interpretations of the query. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Hung-Ting Chen , Xiang Liu , Shauli Ravfogel , Eunsol Choi

Under the flourishing development in performance, current image-text retrieval methods suffer from $N$-related time complexity, which hinders their application in practice. Targeting at efficiency improvement, this paper presents a simple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Min Cao , Yang Bai , Jingyao Wang , Ziqiang Cao , Liqiang Nie , Min Zhang