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Robot task planning is an important problem for autonomous robots in long-horizon challenging tasks. As large pre-trained models have demonstrated superior planning ability, recent research investigates utilizing large models to achieve…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Siyuan Li , Zhe Ma , Feifan Liu , Jiani Lu , Qinqin Xiao , Kewu Sun , Lingfei Cui , Xirui Yang , Peng Liu , Xun Wang

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit advanced reasoning skills, enabling robots to comprehend natural language instructions and strategically plan high-level actions through proper grounding. However, LLM hallucination may result in robots…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Kaiqu Liang , Zixu Zhang , Jaime Fernández Fisac

Embodied agents powered by large language models (LLMs) inherit advanced planning capabilities; however, their direct interaction with the physical world exposes them to safety vulnerabilities. In this work, we identify four key reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Ruolin Chen , Yinqian Sun , Jihang Wang , Mingyang Lv , Qian Zhang , Yi Zeng

Recent advancements in Large Language Models have sparked interest in their potential for robotic task planning. While these models demonstrate strong generative capabilities, their effectiveness in producing structured and executable plans…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Kai Goebel , Patrik Zips

Large language models (LLMs) can internally distinguish between evaluation and deployment contexts, a behaviour known as \emph{evaluation awareness}. This undermines AI safety evaluations, as models may conceal dangerous capabilities during…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Maheep Chaudhary , Ian Su , Nikhil Hooda , Nishith Shankar , Julia Tan , Kevin Zhu , Ryan Lagasse , Vasu Sharma , Ashwinee Panda

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as general planners in embodied intelligence, enabling high level coordination and low level task planning for both single robot and multi-robot collaboration. This increasing reliance on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhen Huang , Zhihuang Liu , Mengxuan Luo , Weishang Wu , Zhiping Cai

Public leaderboards increasingly suggest that large language models (LLMs) surpass human experts on benchmarks spanning academic knowledge, law, and programming. Yet most benchmarks are fully public, their questions widely mirrored across…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Eshwar Reddy M , Sourav Karmakar

Safety lies at the core of developing and deploying large language models (LLMs). However, previous safety benchmarks only concern the safety in one language, e.g. the majority language in the pretraining data such as English. In this work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Wenxuan Wang , Zhaopeng Tu , Chang Chen , Youliang Yuan , Jen-tse Huang , Wenxiang Jiao , Michael R. Lyu

Construction remains one of the most hazardous sectors. Recent advancements in AI, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), offer promising opportunities for enhancing workplace safety. However, responsible integration of LLMs requires…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Farouq Sammour , Jia Xu , Xi Wang , Mo Hu , Zhenyu Zhang

Safety-critical task planning in robotic systems remains challenging: classical planners suffer from poor scalability, Reinforcement Learning (RL)-based methods generalize poorly, and base Large Language Models (LLMs) cannot guarantee…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jialiang Fan , Weizhe Xu , Mengyu Liu , Oleg Sokolsky , Insup Lee , Fanxin Kong

Replicating human-level intelligence in the execution of embodied tasks remains challenging due to the unconstrained nature of real-world environments. Novel use of large language models (LLMs) for task planning seeks to address the…

While the wide adoption of refusal training in large language models (LLMs) has showcased improvements in model safety, recent works have highlighted shortcomings due to the shallow nature of these alignment methods. To this end, the work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Pankayaraj Pathmanathan , Furong Huang

Large language models (LLMs) achieve impressive results on many benchmarks, yet their capacity for planning and stateful reasoning remains unclear. We study these abilities directly, without code execution or other tools, using the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Charles Schepanowski , Charles Ling

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Vision Language Models (VLMs) have become popular tools for embodied high-level planning. However, their deployment in black-box settings often leads to unpredictable or costly errors. To harness their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hao Wang , Sathwik Karnik , Bea Lim , Somil Bansal

Large language models excel on static benchmarks, but their ability as self-learning agents in dynamic environments remains unclear. We evaluate three prompting strategies: self-reflection, heuristic mutation, and planning across dynamic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Annie Wong , Thomas Bäck , Aske Plaat , Niki van Stein , Anna V. Kononova

The planning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) has garnered increasing attention in recent years due to their remarkable capacity for multi-step reasoning and their ability to generalize across a wide range of domains. While some…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Mohamed Aghzal , Erion Plaku , Gregory J. Stein , Ziyu Yao

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable breadth of knowledge, yet their ability to reason about computational processes remains poorly understood. Closing this gap matters for practitioners who rely on LLMs to guide algorithm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Sohan Venkatesh , Ashish Mahendran Kurapath , Tejas Melkote

Robotics researchers increasingly leverage large language models (LLM) in robotics systems, using them as interfaces to receive task commands, generate task plans, form team coalitions, and allocate tasks among multi-robot and human agents.…

While recent advancements in commercial large language models (LM) have shown promising results in medical tasks, their closed-source nature poses significant privacy and security concerns, hindering their widespread use in the medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Hyunjae Kim , Hyeon Hwang , Jiwoo Lee , Sihyeon Park , Dain Kim , Taewhoo Lee , Chanwoong Yoon , Jiwoong Sohn , Donghee Choi , Jaewoo Kang

ConceptBot is a modular robotic planning framework that combines Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs to generate feasible and risk-aware plans despite ambiguities in natural language instructions and correctly analyzing the objects…

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