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Unlearning in large language models (LLMs) is critical for regulatory compliance and for building ethical generative AI systems that avoid producing private, toxic, illegal, or copyrighted content. Despite rapid progress, in this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Hadi Reisizadeh , Jiajun Ruan , Yiwei Chen , Soumyadeep Pal , Sijia Liu , Mingyi Hong

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across various applications, privacy and copyright concerns have heightened the need for more effective LLM unlearning techniques. Many existing unlearning methods aim to suppress…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Tomoya Yamashita , Akira Ito , Yuuki Yamanaka , Masanori Yamada , Takayuki Miura , Toshiki Shibahara

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of a designated forget set from a trained model while preserving utility on the retained data. In modern deep networks, approximate unlearning frequently fails under large or adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Mohammad Partohaghighi , Roummel Marcia , Bruce J. West , YangQuan Chen

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly prevalent, their security vulnerabilities have already drawn attention. Machine unlearning is introduced to seek to mitigate these risks by removing the influence of undesirable data.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Xiang Zhang , Kun Wei , Xu Yang , Jiahua Li , Su Yan , Cheng Deng

Large language models (LLMs) often suffer from catastrophic forgetting in continual learning: after learning new tasks sequentially, they perform worse on earlier tasks. Existing methods mitigate catastrophic forgetting by data replay,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yazheng Liu , Yuxuan Wan , Rui Xu , Xi Zhang , Sihong Xie , Hui Xiong

Most LLM unlearning methods aim to approximate retrain-from-scratch behaviors with minimal distribution shift, often via alignment-style objectives defined in the prediction space. While effective at reducing forgotten content generation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Haoran Tang , Rajiv Khanna

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of specific training records from a deployed model without retraining from scratch. Current protocols verify this at the output level through membership inference, retain accuracy, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Georgina Cosma , Axel Finke

The imperative to eliminate undesirable data memorization underscores the significance of machine unlearning for large language models (LLMs). Recent research has introduced a series of promising unlearning methods, notably boosting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Qizhou Wang , Bo Han , Puning Yang , Jianing Zhu , Tongliang Liu , Masashi Sugiyama

Due to increasing privacy regulations and regulatory compliance, Machine Unlearning (MU) has become essential. The goal of unlearning is to remove information related to a specific class from a model. Traditional approaches achieve exact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Atharv Mittal

Large language models deployed in sensitive applications increasingly require the ability to unlearn specific knowledge, such as user requests, copyrighted materials, or outdated information, without retraining from scratch to ensure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Sadia Asif , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri

Machine unlearning (MU) is becoming a promising paradigm to achieve the "right to be forgotten", where the training trace of any chosen data points could be eliminated, while maintaining the model utility on general testing samples after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Junjie Chen , Qian Chen , Jian Lou , Xiaoyu Zhang , Kai Wu , Zilong Wang

Large language models (LLMs) possess strong semantic understanding, driving significant progress in data mining applications. This is further enhanced by large reasoning models (LRMs), which provide explicit multi-step reasoning traces. On…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Aobo Chen , Chenxu Zhao , Chenglin Miao , Mengdi Huai

Large language models (LLMs) trained over extensive corpora risk memorizing sensitive, copyrighted, or toxic content. To address this, we propose \textbf{OBLIVIATE}, a robust unlearning framework that removes targeted data while preserving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Xiaoyu Xu , Minxin Du , Qingqing Ye , Haibo Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown to be a great success in a wide range of applications ranging from regular NLP-based use cases to AI agents. LLMs have been trained on a vast corpus of texts from various sources; despite the best…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Abhinav Joshi , Shaswati Saha , Divyaksh Shukla , Sriram Vema , Harsh Jhamtani , Manas Gaur , Ashutosh Modi

We consider Representation Misdirection (RM), a class of large language model (LLM) unlearning methods that achieve forgetting by redirecting the forget-representations, that is, latent representations of forget-samples, toward a target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Tien Dang , The-Hai Nguyen , Dinh Mai Phuong , Nguyen Minh Phuong , Anh Bui , Hoang Thanh-Tung , Le-Minh Nguyen , Naoya Inoue

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing with exceptional task generalization capabilities. Low-Rank Adaption (LoRA) offers a cost-effective fine-tuning solution, freezing the original model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Jun Zhang , Jue Wang , Huan Li , Lidan Shou , Ke Chen , Yang You , Guiming Xie , Xuejian Gong , Kunlong Zhou

Machine unlearning for LLMs aims to remove sensitive or copyrighted data from trained models. However, the true efficacy of current unlearning methods remains uncertain. Standard evaluation metrics rely on benign queries that often mistake…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Patryk Rybak , Paweł Batorski , Paul Swoboda , Przemysław Spurek

Recent advances in large reasoning models (LRMs) have enabled strong chain-of-thought (CoT) generation through test-time computation. While these multi-step reasoning capabilities represent a major milestone in language model performance,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Changsheng Wang , Chongyu Fan , Yihua Zhang , Jinghan Jia , Dennis Wei , Parikshit Ram , Nathalie Baracaldo , Sijia Liu

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of specific data from trained models while preserving general utility. Existing approximate unlearning methods often rely on performance-degradation heuristics, such as loss maximization or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jonas Mirlach , Sonia Laguna , Julia E. Vogt

Large language model (LLM) unlearning has demonstrated its essential role in removing privacy and copyright-related responses, crucial for their legal and safe applications. However, the pursuit of complete unlearning often comes with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Yue Wang , Qizhou Wang , Feng Liu , Wei Huang , Yali Du , Xiaojiang Du , Bo Han