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AI agents are increasingly deployed to execute tasks and make decisions within agentic workflows, introducing new requirements for safe and controlled autonomy. Prior work has established the importance of human oversight for ensuring…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Edward Cheng , Jeshua Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced tool-augmented agents, enabling autonomous reasoning via API interactions. However, executing multi-step tasks within massive tool libraries remains challenging due to two critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Rongzhe Wei , Ge Shi , Min Cheng , Na Zhang , Pan Li , Sarthak Ghosh , Vaibhav Gorde , Leman Akoglu

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models (LLMs) offer a promising path toward solving complex, real-world tasks that single-agent systems often struggle to manage. While recent advancements in test-time scaling (TTS) have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Can Jin , Hongwu Peng , Qixin Zhang , Yujin Tang , Dimitris N. Metaxas , Tong Che

Large language model (LLM) agents have shown increasing promise for collaborative task completion. However, existing multi-agent frameworks often rely on static workflows, fixed roles, and limited inter-agent communication, reducing their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Chengxuan Xia , Qianye Wu , Sixuan Tian , Yilun Hao

Recent breakthroughs in large language model-driven autonomous agents have revealed that multi-agent collaboration often surpasses each individual through collective reasoning. Inspired by the neural scaling law--increasing neurons enhances…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Chen Qian , Zihao Xie , YiFei Wang , Wei Liu , Kunlun Zhu , Hanchen Xia , Yufan Dang , Zhuoyun Du , Weize Chen , Cheng Yang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

The rapid advancements in large foundation models and multi-agent systems offer unprecedented capabilities, yet current Human-in-the-Loop (HiTL) paradigms inadequately integrate human expertise, often leading to cognitive overload and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Ahmet Akkaya Melih , Yamuna Singh , Kunal L. Agarwal , Priya Mukherjee , Kiran Pattnaik , Hanuman Bhatia

AI agent inference is driving an inference heavy datacenter future and exposes bottlenecks beyond compute - especially memory capacity, memory bandwidth and high-speed interconnect. We introduce two metrics - Operational Intensity (OI) and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yiren Zhao , Junyi Liu

Large language models are increasingly deployed in multi-agent systems to overcome context limitations by distributing information across agents. Yet whether agents can reliably compute with distributed information, rather than merely…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Yuzhe Zhang , Feiran Liu , Yi Shan , Xinyi Huang , Xin Yang , Yueqi Zhu , Xuxin Cheng , Cao Liu , Ke Zeng , Terry Jingchen Zhang , Wenyuan Jiang

As Large Language Model (LLM) based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) evolve from experimental pilots to complex, persistent ecosystems, the limitations of direct agent-to-agent communication have become increasingly apparent. Current architectures…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Charles Fleming , Guillaume De Saint Marc , Ramana Kompella , Peter Bosch , Vijoy Pandey

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have substantially accelerated the development of embodied agents. LLM-based multi-agent systems mitigate the inefficiency of single agents in complex tasks. However, they still suffer from…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-02 XiaoJie Zhang , JianHan Wu , Xiaoyang Qu , Jianzong Wang

Complex agentic AI systems, powered by a coordinated ensemble of Large Language Models (LLMs), tool and memory modules, have demonstrated remarkable capabilities on intricate, multi-turn tasks. However, this success is shadowed by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Guibin Zhang , Haiyang Yu , Kaiming Yang , Bingli Wu , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li , Shuicheng Yan

We propose a technology-agnostic, collaboration-ready stance for Human-AI Agents Collaboration Systems (HAACS) that closes long-standing gaps in prior stages (automation; flexible autonomy; agentic multi-agent collectives). Reading…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Ju Wu , Calvin K. L. Or

Multi-agent systems (MAS) built on large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance across many tasks. Most existing approaches improve only one aspect at a time, such as the communication topology, role assignment, or LLM…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Tianjun Yao , Zhaoyi Li , Zhiqiang Shen

Apache Hive is an open-source relational database system for analytic big-data workloads. In this paper we describe the key innovations on the journey from batch tool to fully fledged enterprise data warehousing system. We present a hybrid…

This paper develops a stochastic programming framework for multi-agent systems where task decomposition, assignment, and scheduling problems are simultaneously optimized. The framework can be applied to heterogeneous mobile robot teams with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Bo Fu , William Smith , Denise Rizzo , Matthew Castanier , Maani Ghaffari , Kira Barton

Search intelligence is evolving from Deep Research to Wide Research, a paradigm essential for retrieving and synthesizing comprehensive information under complex constraints in parallel. However, progress in this field is impeded by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ziyang Huang , Haolin Ren , Xiaowei Yuan , Jiawei Wang , Zhongtao Jiang , Kun Xu , Shizhu He , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

Multi-agent frameworks powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated great success in automated planning and task execution. However, the effective adjustment of agentic workflows during execution has not been well studied. An…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Boye Niu , Yiliao Song , Kai Lian , Yifan Shen , Yu Yao , Kun Zhang , Tongliang Liu

Recursive or looped language models have recently emerged as a new scaling axis by iteratively refining the same model computation over latent states to deepen reasoning. We extend such scaling principle from a single model to multi-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Xiyuan Yang , Jiaru Zou , Rui Pan , Ruizhong Qiu , Pan Lu , Shizhe Diao , Jindong Jiang , Hanghang Tong , Tong Zhang , Markus J. Buehler , Jingrui He , James Zou

The rapid development of interactive and autonomous AI systems signals our entry into the agentic era. Training and evaluating agents on complex agentic tasks such as software engineering and computer use requires not only efficient model…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Lei Zhang , Mouxiang Chen , Ruisheng Cao , Jiawei Chen , Fan Zhou , Yiheng Xu , Jiaxi Yang , Zeyao Ma , Liang Chen , Changwei Luo , Kai Zhang , Fan Yan , KaShun Shum , Jiajun Zhang , Zeyu Cui , Feng Hu , Junyang Lin , Binyuan Hui , Min Yang

Long-horizon code generation requires sustained context and adaptive expertise across domains. Current multi-agent systems use static workflows that cannot adapt when runtime analysis reveals unanticipated complexity. We propose AgentSpawn,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Igor Costa