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Universality of classical thermodynamics rests on the central limit theorem, due to which, measurements of thermal fluctuations are unable to reveal detailed information regarding the microscopic structure of a macroscopic body. When small…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-28 Lucas Chibebe Céleri , Łukasz Rudnicki

The existence of Davies-Unruh temperature in a uniformly accelerated frame shows that quantum fluctuations of the inertial vacuum state appears as thermal fluctuations in the accelerated frame. Hence thermodynamic experiments cannot…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-20 Sanved Kolekar , T. Padmanabhan

In a thermal field theory, the cumulants of the momentum distribution can be extracted from the dependence of the Euclidean path integral on a shift in the fields built into the temporal boundary condition. When combined with the Ward…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2015-05-30 Leonardo Giusti , Harvey B. Meyer

Our fundamental theories, i.e., the quantum theory and general relativity, are invariant under time reversal. Only when we treat system from the point of view of thermodynamics, i.e., averaging between many subsystem components, an arrow of…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-10-01 Francesca Vidotto

Thermodynamics is based on a coarse-grained approach, from which its fundamental variables emerge, effectively erasing the complicate details of the microscopic dynamics within a macroscopic system. The strength of Thermodynamics lies in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-17 Gabriel Fernandez Ferrari , Łukasz Rudnicki , Lucas Chibebe Céleri

This work consists in the theorical development on the analysis of the Thermodynamic Laws and thermodynamic systems in relative motion, according to the laws of Classical Mechanics. The difference of this work for many of the literature is…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-05-04 Wendel Macedo Mendes , Bruno Poti e Silva

Analytical solutions of nonminimally coupled scalar field cosmology corresponding to critical scalar field values constitute a potential challenge to the recent first-order thermodynamics of scalar-tensor gravity (a formalism picturing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-11 Valerio Faraoni , Pierre-Antoine Graham , Alexandre Leblanc

Scalar-Tensor theories of gravity can be formulated in different frames, most notably, the Einstein and the Jordan one. While some debate still persists in the literature on the physical status of the different frames, a frame…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 R. Catena , M. Pietroni , L. Scarabello

We formulate a first-order thermodynamic description of Jordan-frame tensor--multi-scalar gravity. From the Einstein-like field equations we obtain the exact covariant $1+3$ decomposition of the geometric sector and interpret it as an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-21 David S. Pereira

We develop a theory of the effective disorder temperature in glass-forming materials driven away from thermodynamic equilibrium by external forces. Our basic premise is that the slow configurational degrees of freedom of such materials are…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-13 Eran Bouchbinder , J. S. Langer

We revisit the question of frame equivalence in Quantum Field Theory in the presence of gravity, a situation of relevance for theories aiming to describe the early Universe dynamics and Inflation in particular. We show that in those cases,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-09-04 Kevin Falls , Mario Herrero-Valea

Irreversible thermodynamics of simple fluids have been connected recently to the theory of dynamical systems and some interesting assumptions have been made about the nature of the associated invariant measures. We show that the tests of…

chao-dyn · Physics 2008-02-03 Jean-Pierre Eckmann , Itamar Procaccia

In this work, we explore the formalism of the irreversible thermodynamics of open systems and the possibility of gravitationally generated particle production in modified gravity. More specifically, we consider the scalar-tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-06-27 Miguel A. S. Pinto , Tiberiu Harko , Francisco S. N. Lobo

The thermal view of scalar-tensor gravity is an analogy with a dissipative fluid. The scalar degree of freedom excites gravity to a positive ``temperature'', while Einstein gravity is the ``zero-temperature'' equilibrium state. We extend…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-22 Valerio Faraoni

Realizations of scale invariance are studied in the context of a gravitational theory where the action (in the first order formalism) is of the form $S = \int L_{1} \Phi d^{4}x$ + $\int L_{2}\sqrt{-g}d^{4}x$ where $\Phi$ is a density built…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 E. I. Guendelman

We study scalar field theories invariant under transverse diffeomorphisms in cosmological contexts. We show that in the geometric optics approximation, the corresponding particles move along geodesics and contribute with the same active…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-02-28 Antonio L. Maroto

A variant of continuous nonequilibrium thermodynamic theory based on the postulate of the scale invariance of the local relation between generalized fluxes and forces has been proposed. This single postulate replaces the assumptions on…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-05 Leonid M. Martyushev , V. D. Seleznev

The first-order general relativistic theory of a generic dissipative (heat-conducting, viscous, particle-creating) fluid is rediscussed from a unified covariant frame-independent point of view. By generalizing some previous works in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 R. Silva , J. A. S. Lima , M. O. Calvão

We show that, when we study the coexistence of general relativity with thermodynamics, some physical properties that are usually thought of as holographic and lying in the domain of quantum gravity can actually be accessed even at the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-15 Ntina Savvidou , C. Anastopoulos

A new thermal view of scalar-tensor gravity, in which general relativity is the zero-temperature state of gravity, is applied to the specific subclass of $f(R)$ gravity theories and, specifically, to spatially homogeneous and isotropic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-27 Valerio Faraoni , Santiago Novoa Cattivelli