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Creating accurate, physical simulations directly from real-world robot motion holds great value for safe, scalable, and affordable robot learning, yet remains exceptionally challenging. Real robot data suffers from occlusions, noisy camera…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ben Moran , Mauro Comi , Arunkumar Byravan , Steven Bohez , Tom Erez , Zhibin Li , Leonard Hasenclever

Simulators are powerful tools for autonomous robot learning as they offer scalable data generation, flexible design, and optimization of trajectories. However, transferring behavior learned from simulation data into the real world proves to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Alex Quach , Makram Chahine , Alexander Amini , Ramin Hasani , Daniela Rus

We present a visual imitation learning framework that enables learning of robot action policies solely based on expert samples without any robot trials. Robot exploration and on-policy trials in a real-world environment could often be…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Alan Wu , AJ Piergiovanni , Michael S. Ryoo

Learning from Demonstrations, the field that proposes to learn robot behavior models from data, is gaining popularity with the emergence of deep generative models. Although the problem has been studied for years under names such as…

Imitation learning from large multi-task demonstration datasets has emerged as a promising path for building generally-capable robots. As a result, 1000s of hours have been spent on building such large-scale datasets around the globe.…

Recently, synthetic data generation and realistic rendering has advanced tasks like target tracking and human pose estimation. Simulations for most robotics applications are obtained in (semi)static environments, with specific sensors and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Elia Bonetto , Chenghao Xu , Aamir Ahmad

Precise pose estimation of optical microrobots is essential for enabling high-precision object tracking and autonomous biological studies. However, current methods rely heavily on large, high-quality microscope image datasets, which are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Zongcai Tan , Lan Wei , Dandan Zhang

Reinforcement learning often requires extensive training data. Simulation-to-real transfer offers a promising approach to address this challenge in robotics. While differentiable simulators offer improved sample efficiency through exact…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Severin Bochem , Eduardo Gonzalez-Sanchez , Yves Bicker , Gabriele Fadini

To endow machines with the ability to perceive the real-world in a three dimensional representation as we do as humans is a fundamental and long-standing topic in Artificial Intelligence. Given different types of visual inputs such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Bo Yang

This work discusses the benefits of having multiple simulated environments with different degrees of realism for the development of algorithms in scenarios populated by autonomous nodes capable of communication and mobility. This approach…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Thiago de Souza Lamenza , Josef Kamysek , Bruno Jose Olivieri de Souza , Markus Endler

The generalization ability of visuomotor policy is crucial, as a good policy should be deployable across diverse scenarios. Some methods can collect large amounts of trajectory augmentation data to train more generalizable imitation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Hanwen Wang

Towards the aim of generalized robotic manipulation, spatial generalization is the most fundamental capability that requires the policy to work robustly under different spatial distribution of objects, environment and agent itself. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Xiuwei Xu , Angyuan Ma , Hankun Li , Bingyao Yu , Zheng Zhu , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Developing high-fidelity, interactive digital twins is crucial for enabling closed-loop motion planning and reliable real-world robot execution, which are essential to advancing sim-to-real transfer. However, existing approaches often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Ziyang Sun , Lingfan Bao , Tianhu Peng , Jingcheng Sun , Chengxu Zhou

Given the versatility of generative adversarial networks (GANs), we seek to understand the benefits gained from using an existing GAN to enhance simulated images and reduce the sim-to-real gap. We conduct an analysis in the context of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Asher Elmquist , Radu Serban , Dan Negrut

Modeling the 3D world from sensor data for simulation is a scalable way of developing testing and validation environments for robotic learning problems such as autonomous driving. However, manually creating or re-creating real-world-like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Bokui Shen , Xinchen Yan , Charles R. Qi , Mahyar Najibi , Boyang Deng , Leonidas Guibas , Yin Zhou , Dragomir Anguelov

Visual augmentation has become a crucial technique for enhancing the visual robustness of imitation learning. However, existing methods are often limited by prerequisites such as camera calibration or the need for controlled environments…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Chengbo Yuan , Suraj Joshi , Shaoting Zhu , Hang Su , Hang Zhao , Yang Gao

As autonomous driving systems being deployed to millions of vehicles, there is a pressing need of improving the system's scalability, safety and reducing the engineering cost. A realistic, scalable, and practical simulator of the driving…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Yihan Hu , Siqi Chai , Zhening Yang , Jingyu Qian , Kun Li , Wenxin Shao , Haichao Zhang , Wei Xu , Qiang Liu

Simulators are a critical component of modern robotics research. Strategies for both perception and decision making can be studied in simulation first before deployed to real world systems, saving on time and costs. Despite significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-19 Bhairav Mehta , Ankur Handa , Dieter Fox , Fabio Ramos

Training generalist policies for robotic manipulation has shown great promise, as they enable language-conditioned, multi-task behaviors across diverse scenarios. However, evaluating these policies remains difficult because real-world…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Wei-Cheng Tseng , Jinwei Gu , Qinsheng Zhang , Hanzi Mao , Ming-Yu Liu , Florian Shkurti , Lin Yen-Chen

The ability to plan for multi-step manipulation tasks in unseen situations is crucial for future home robots. But collecting sufficient experience data for end-to-end learning is often infeasible in the real world, as deploying robots in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Chen Wang , Danfei Xu , Li Fei-Fei