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We survey the large language model (LLM) serving area to understand the intricate dynamics between cost-efficiency and accuracy, which is magnified by the growing need for longer contextual understanding when deploying models at a massive…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Pai Zeng , Zhenyu Ning , Jieru Zhao , Weihao Cui , Mengwei Xu , Liwei Guo , Xusheng Chen , Yizhou Shan

Accurate multi-turn intent classification is essential for advancing conversational AI systems. However, challenges such as the scarcity of comprehensive datasets and the complexity of contextual dependencies across dialogue turns hinder…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Junhua Liu , Yong Keat Tan , Bin Fu , Kwan Hui Lim

Temporal sentence grounding (TSG) is a highly challenging task aiming to localize the temporal segment within an untrimmed video corresponding to a given natural language description. Benefiting from the design of learnable queries, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Yifan Wang , Ziyi Liu , Xiaolong Sun , Jiawei Wang , Hongmin Liu

The static ``train then deploy" paradigm fundamentally limits Large Language Models (LLMs) from dynamically adapting their weights in response to continuous streams of new information inherent in real-world tasks. Test-Time Training (TTT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Guhao Feng , Shengjie Luo , Kai Hua , Ge Zhang , Di He , Wenhao Huang , Tianle Cai

Rapid urbanization in cities like Bangalore has led to severe traffic congestion, making efficient Traffic Signal Control (TSC) essential. Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), often modeling each traffic signal as an independent agent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sayambhu Sen , Shalabh Bhatnagar

Flow-Matching (FM)-based zero-shot text-to-speech (TTS) systems exhibit high-quality speech synthesis and robust generalization capabilities. However, the speaker representation ability of such systems remains underexplored, primarily due…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-18 Haoyu Li , Mingyang Han , Yu Xi , Dongxiao Wang , Hankun Wang , Haoxiang Shi , Boyu Li , Jun Song , Bo Zheng , Shuai Wang , Kai Yu

Understanding the decision-making processes of large language models (LLMs) is essential for their trustworthy development and deployment. However, current interpretability methods often face challenges such as low resolution and high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Tian Lan , Jinyuan Xu , Xue He , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Lei Li

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong task-specific capabilities through fine-tuning, but merging multiple fine-tuned models often leads to degraded performance due to overlapping instruction-following components. Task Arithmetic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Yan-Lun Chen , Yi-Ru Wei , Chia-Yi Hsu , Chia-Mu Yu , Chun-Ying Huang , Ying-Dar Lin , Yu-Sung Wu , Wei-Bin Lee

Large language models (LLMs) now support extremely long context windows, but the quadratic complexity of vanilla attention results in significantly long Time-to-First-Token (TTFT) latency. Existing approaches to address this complexity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Qianchao Zhu , Jiangfei Duan , Chang Chen , Siran Liu , Guanyu Feng , Xin Lv , Xiao Chuanfu , Dahua Lin , Chao Yang

The rapid growth of large language model (LLM) services imposes increasing demands on distributed GPU inference infrastructure. Most existing scheduling systems follow a reactive paradigm, relying solely on the current system state to make…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Chengze Du , Zhiwei Yu , Heng Xu , Haojie Wang , Bo liu , Jialong Li

Despite their dominance in modern DL and, especially, NLP domains, transformer architectures exhibit sub-optimal performance on long-range tasks compared to recent layers that are specifically designed for this purpose. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Itamar Zimerman , Lior Wolf

Decentralized federated learning (DFL) based on low-rank adaptation (LoRA) enables mobile devices with multi-task datasets to collaboratively fine-tune a large language model (LLM) by exchanging locally updated parameters with a subset of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Nuocheng Yang , Sihua Wang , Ouwen Huan , Mingzhe Chen , Tony Q. S. Quek , Changchuan Yin

Transformer models have become foundational across a wide range of scientific and engineering domains due to their strong empirical performance. A key capability underlying their success is in-context learning (ICL): when presented with a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Zhen Qin , Jiachen Jiang , Zhihui Zhu

Large language model (LLM) services have become an integral part of search, assistance, and decision-making applications. However, unlike traditional web or microservices, the hardware and software stack enabling LLM inference deployment is…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Dominik Scheinert , Alexander Acker , Thorsten Wittkopp , Soeren Becker , Hamza Yous , Karnakar Reddy , Ibrahim Farhat , Hakim Hacid , Odej Kao

As modern microservice systems grow increasingly complex due to dynamic interactions and evolving runtime environments, they experience failures with rising frequency. Ensuring system reliability therefore critically depends on accurate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Lingzhe Zhang , Tong Jia , Kangjin Wang , Chiming Duan , Minghua He , Rongqian Wang , Xi Peng , Meiling Wang , Gong Zhang , Renhai Chen , Ying Li

Long-term time series forecasting (LTSF) is important for various domains but is confronted by challenges in handling the complex temporal-contextual relationships. As multivariate input models underperforming some recent univariate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-06 Jiecheng Lu , Xu Han , Shihao Yang

Mobile edge Large Language Model (LLM) deployments face inherent constraints, such as limited computational resources and network bandwidth. Although Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates some challenges by integrating external…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Guangyuan Liu , Yinqiu Liu , Jiacheng Wang , Hongyang Du , Dusit Niyato , Jiawen Kang , Zehui Xiong

Large language models (LLMs) have surged in popularity and are extensively used in commercial applications, where the efficiency of model serving is crucial for the user experience. Most current research focuses on optimizing individual…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Yuhang Yao , Han Jin , Alay Dilipbhai Shah , Shanshan Han , Zijian Hu , Yide Ran , Dimitris Stripelis , Zhaozhuo Xu , Salman Avestimehr , Chaoyang He

Long-Context Question Answering (LCQA), a challenging task, aims to reason over long-context documents to yield accurate answers to questions. Existing long-context Large Language Models (LLMs) for LCQA often struggle with the "lost in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Qingfei Zhao , Ruobing Wang , Yukuo Cen , Daren Zha , Shicheng Tan , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) continue to evolve, more are being designed to handle long-context inputs. Despite this advancement, most of them still face challenges in accurately handling long-context tasks, often showing the "lost in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Yijiong Yu , Yongfeng Huang , Zhixiao Qi , Zhe Zhou