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The Liquid Reasoning Transformer (LRT) is a transformer architecture designed for inference with adaptive depths using iterative changes, discard-based correction, and a learned stopping mechanism. Instead of relying on a single feedforward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Shivansh Sahni , Wenzhi Zhang

In this paper, we propose a deep unfolding-based framework for the output feedback control of systems with input saturation. Although saturation commonly arises in several practical control systems, there is still a scarce of effective…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-28 Koki Kobayashi , Masaki Ogura , Taisuke Kobayashi , Kenji Sugimoto

Recent developments in data-driven control have revived interest in the behavioral approach to systems theory, where systems are defined as sets of trajectories rather than being described by a specific model or representation. However,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-08 L. P. Wieringa , A. Padoan , F. Dorfler , J. Eising

In this paper we first study the fixed-time stabilizability of discrete-time switched linear control systems. Using a geometric approach, we derive conditions under which such systems can be stabilized within a prescribed number of steps,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-30 Picchiotti Flavio , Thiago Alves Lima , Girard Antoine

This paper presents a new neural network (NN) paradigm for scalable and generalizable stability analysis of power systems. The paradigm consists of two parts: the neural stability descriptor and the sample-augmented iterative training…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-30 Tong Han , Yan Xu , Rui Zhang

We consider a neural network architecture designed to solve inverse problems where the degradation operator is linear and known. This architecture is constructed by unrolling a forward-backward algorithm derived from the minimization of an…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-02 Emilie Chouzenoux , Cecile Della Valle , Jean-Christophe Pesquet

Do transformers, when trained on sequential reasoning traces, build internal models of the underlying task? And if so, does the structure of those internal representations mirror the structure of the domain? We train an 8-layer transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Roman Kniazev , Nathanaël Fijalkow

Transformers have impressive generalization capabilities on tasks with a fixed context length. However, they fail to generalize to sequences of arbitrary length, even for seemingly simple tasks such as duplicating a string. Moreover, simply…

We reformulate the problem of supervised learning as learning to learn with two nested loops (i.e. learning problems). The inner loop learns on each individual instance with self-supervision before final prediction. The outer loop learns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Yu Sun , Xinhao Li , Karan Dalal , Chloe Hsu , Sanmi Koyejo , Carlos Guestrin , Xiaolong Wang , Tatsunori Hashimoto , Xinlei Chen

We study stability of multivariable control-affine nonlinear systems under sparsification of feedback controllers. Sparsification in our context refers to the scheduling of the individual control inputs one at a time in rapid periodic…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-04 Chinmay Maheshwari , Sukumar Srikant , Debasish Chatterjee

Reinforcement learning is commonly associated with training of reward-maximizing (or cost-minimizing) agents, in other words, controllers. It can be applied in model-free or model-based fashion, using a priori or online collected system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-01 Lukas Beckenbach , Pavel Osinenko , Stefan Streif

Designing a static state-feedback controller subject to structural constraint achieving asymptotic stability is a relevant problem with many applications, including network decentralized control, coordinated control, and sparse feedback…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Francesco Ferrante , Fabrizio Dabbene , Chiara Ravazzi

We propose a regularization scheme for image reconstruction that leverages the power of deep learning while hinging on classic sparsity-promoting models. Many deep-learning-based models are hard to interpret and cumbersome to analyze…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-10 Mehrsa Pourya , Sebastian Neumayer , Michael Unser

Real-world control applications in complex and uncertain environments require adaptability to handle model uncertainties and robustness against disturbances. This paper presents an online, output-feedback, critic-only, model-based…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-25 Tochukwu Elijah Ogri , Zachary I. Bell , Rushikesh Kamalapurkar

Recent research shows that supervised learning can be an effective tool for designing near-optimal feedback controllers for high-dimensional nonlinear dynamic systems. But the behavior of neural network controllers is still not well…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-10-10 Tenavi Nakamura-Zimmerer , Qi Gong , Wei Kang

A common problem to all applications of linear finite dynamical systems is analyzing the dynamics without enumerating every possible state transition. Of particular interest is the long term dynamical behaviour. In this paper, we study the…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2019-04-01 Björn Lindenberg

This paper delves into designing stabilizing feedback control gains for continuous linear systems with unknown state matrix, in which the control is subject to a general structural constraint. We bring forth the ideas from reinforcement…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Sayak Mukherjee , Thanh Long Vu

This paper describes the design of a robust controller for position control in systems with sandwiched backlash. The backlash, which is nonsmooth and nonlinear, is inevitable in the operation of many systems, but it can have destructive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-13 Yoav Vered , Stephen J. Elliott

This paper proposes a unified framework for designing robustness in optimization under uncertainty using gauge sets, convex sets that generalize distance and capture how distributions may deviate from a nominal reference. Representing…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-01-26 Ningji Wei , Xian Yu , Peter Zhang

We study implicit reasoning, i.e. the ability to combine knowledge or rules within a single forward pass. While transformer-based large language models store substantial factual knowledge and rules, they often fail to compose this knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Harsh Kohli , Srinivasan Parthasarathy , Huan Sun , Yuekun Yao