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Observational models make tractable the analysis of information flow properties by providing an abstraction of side channels. We introduce a methodology and a tool, Scam-V, to validate observational models for modern computer architectures.…
Speculative decoding accelerates large language model inference by using smaller draft models to generate candidate tokens for parallel verification. However, current approaches are limited by sequential stage dependencies that prevent full…
Always-on hardware Trojans pose a serious challenge to integrated circuit trust, as they remain active during normal operation and are difficult to detect in post-deployment settings without trusted golden references. This paper presents a…
Statistical machine learning often uses probabilistic algorithms, such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), to solve a wide range of problems. Probabilistic computations, often considered too slow on conventional processors, can be…
Today's microprocessors have grown significantly in complexity and functionality. Most of today's processors provide at least three levels of memory hierarchy, are heavily pipelined, and support some sort of cache coherency protocol. These…
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a sustainable and essential approach for infrastructure maintenance, enabling the early detection of structural defects. Leveraging computer vision (CV) methods for automated infrastructure monitoring…
Security vulnerability analysis of Integrated Circuits using conventional design-time validation and verification techniques (like simulations, emulations, etc.) is generally a computationally intensive task and incomplete by nature,…
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) serve various applications with diverse performance and resource requirements. Model-aware CNN accelerators best address these diverse requirements. These accelerators usually combine multiple dedicated…
The transition to a cloud-native 5G Service-Based Architecture (SBA) improves scalability but exposes control-plane signaling to emerging quantum threats, including Harvest-Now, Decrypt-Later (HNDL) attacks. While NIST has standardized…
Multiple-Amplifier Sensing (MAS) charge-coupled devices (CCDs) have recently been shown to be promising silicon detectors that meet noise sensitivity requirements for next generation Stage-5 spectroscopic surveys and potentially, future…
In this research, we introduce a unified end-to-end Automated Defect Classification-Detection-Segmentation (ADCDS) framework for classifying, detecting, and segmenting multiple instances of semiconductor defects for advanced nodes. This…
The realization of quantum error correction protocols whose logical error rates are suppressed far below physical error rates relies on an intricate combination: the error-correcting code's efficiency, the syndrome extraction circuit's…
The April 2026 Claude Mythos sandbox escape exposed a critical weakness in frontier AI containment: the infrastructure surrounding advanced models remains susceptible to formally characterizable arithmetic vulnerabilities. Anthropic has not…
Functional verification is a critical bottleneck in integrated circuit development, with CPU verification being especially time-intensive and labour-consuming. Industrial practice relies on differential testing for CPU verification, yet…
The growing demand for efficient, high-performance processing in machine learning (ML) and image processing has made hardware accelerators, such as GPUs and Data Streaming Accelerators (DSAs), increasingly essential. These accelerators…
Code-driven auditing fails when correctness depends on what the specification requires rather than how the code is written. Production blockchain networks expose this directly: byzantine consensus runs many independent clients of a shared…
Modern Large Language Model (LLM) systems are assembled from third-party artifacts such as pre-trained weights, fine-tuning adapters, datasets, dependency packages, and container images, fetched through automated pipelines. This speed comes…
Combinational equivalence checking (CEC) remains a challenge EDA task in the formal verification of datapath circuits due to their complex arithmetic structures and the limited capability or scalability of SAT, BDD, and exact-simulation…
The cw CCL being designed for the Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT) project accelerates protons from 96MeV to 211MeV. It consists of 99 segments each containing up to seven accelerating cavities. Segments are coupled by intersegment…
Integrity of audit logs produced by Internet of Things (IoT) devices is a prerequisite for post-incident forensics, regulatory compliance, and operational accountability. While blockchain-backed logging infrastructures can satisfy this…