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Related papers: Capturing Aleatoric Uncertainty in Climate Models

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Projecting climate change is a generalization problem: we extrapolate the recent past using physical models across past, present, and future climates. Current climate models require representations of processes that occur at scales smaller…

Rapid changes in Earth's cryosphere caused by human activity can lead to significant environmental impacts. Computer models provide a useful tool for understanding the behavior and projecting the future of Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets.…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-01 Won Chang , Bledar A. Konomi , Georgios Karagiannis , Yawen Guan , Murali Haran

Seasonal climate forecasts are being used increasingly across a range of application sectors. A recent UK governmental report asked: How good are seasonal climate forecasts on a scale of 1-5 (where 5 is very good), and how good can we…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2013-10-15 Antje Weisheimer , T. N. Palmer

Climate models are generally calibrated manually by comparing selected climate statistics, such as the global top-of-atmosphere energy balance, to observations. The manual tuning only targets a limited subset of observational data and…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-04-06 Michael F. Howland , Oliver R. A. Dunbar , Tapio Schneider

Understanding the relationship between complexity and stability in large dynamical systems -- such as ecosystems -- remains a key open question in complexity theory which has inspired a rich body of work developed over more than fifty…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-14 Yvonne Krumbeck , Qian Yang , George W. A. Constable , Tim Rogers

Renewable energy power is influenced by the atmospheric system, which exhibits nonlinear and time-varying features. To address this, a dynamic temporal correlation modeling framework is proposed for renewable energy scenario generation. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Xiaochong Dong , Yilin Liu , Xuemin Zhang , Shengwei Mei

Understanding and forecasting precipitation events in the Arctic maritime environments, such as Bear Island and Ny-{\AA}lesund, is crucial for assessing climate risk and developing early warning systems in vulnerable marine regions. This…

Many parts of the Earth system are thought to have multiple stable equilibrium states, with the potential for rapid and sometimes catastrophic shifts between them. The most common frameworks for analyzing stability changes, however, require…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2025-07-01 Taylor Smith , Andreas Morr , Bodo Bookhagen , Niklas Boers

Obtaining accurate estimates of uncertainty in climate scenarios often requires generating large ensembles of high-resolution climate simulations, a computationally expensive and memory intensive process. To address this challenge, we train…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Johannes Meuer , Maximilian Witte , Tobias Sebastian Finn , Claudia Timmreck , Thomas Ludwig , Christopher Kadow

Standard epidemic models based on compartmental differential equations are investigated under continuous parameter change as external forcing. We show that seasonal modulation of the contact parameter superimposed a monotonic decay needs a…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-08-13 Tamás Kovács

We present a multivariate hierarchical space-time model to describe the joint series of monthly extreme temperatures and amounts of rainfall. Data are available for 360 monitoring stations over 60 years, with missing data affecting almost…

We investigate the selective forces that promote the emergence of modularity in nature. We demonstrate the spontaneous emergence of modularity in a population of individuals that evolve in a changing environment. We show that the level of…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2009-11-13 Jiankui He , Jun Sun , Michael W. Deem

We develop a discrete-event modeling framework that captures the progression of geophysical systems toward catastrophic failure through sequences of distinct damage events. By representing system evolution as a succession of temporally…

Geophysics · Physics 2025-07-31 Qinghua Lei , Didier Sornette

Ensembles of regional-global climate model combinations show substantial spread in projected wind and solar resources. Using 31 RCM-GCM pairs, we quantify the sources of this spread with a spatially and seasonally resolved variance…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-03-23 Nina Effenberger , Reto Knutti

Existing methods for diagnosing predictability in climate indices often make a number of unjustified assumptions about the climate system that can lead to misleading conclusions. We present a flexible family of state-space models capable of…

Applications · Statistics 2018-07-10 Philip G. Sansom , David B. Stephenson , Daniel B. Williamson

Weather and climate forecasts are inherently uncertain due to chaotic dynamics, imperfect initial conditions, and incomplete representation of the underlying physical processes. Operational ensemble forecasts aim to represent these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Birgit Kühbacher , Daan Crommelin , Niki Kilbertus

The purpose of this review-and-research paper is twofold: (i) to review the role played in climate dynamics by fluid-dynamical models; and (ii) to contribute to the understanding and reduction of the uncertainties in future climate-change…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2010-06-16 Michael Ghil , Mickaël D. Chekroun , Eric Simonnet

Numerous studies have focused on learning and understanding the dynamics of physical systems from video data, such as spatial intelligence. Artificial intelligence requires quantitative assessments of the uncertainty of the model to ensure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Aoming Liang , Qi Liu , Lei Xu , Fahad Sohrab , Weicheng Cui , Changhui Song , Moncef Gabbouj

Assessing the consistency between short-term global temperature trends in observations and climate model projections is a challenging problem. While climate models capture many processes governing short-term climate fluctuations, they are…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2013-09-23 Patrick J. Michaels , Paul C. Knappenberger , John R. Christy , Chad S. Herman , Lucia M. Liljegren , James D. Annan

An information-theoretic framework is developed to assess the predictability of ENSO complexity, which is a central problem in contemporary meteorology with large societal impacts. The information theory advances a unique way to quantify…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-04-05 Xianghui Fang , Nan Chen