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We present the population properties of merging compact binaries inferred using 267 mergers from the cumulative Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog 5.0. As this data set contains no new sources with a neutron star, we primarily focus on…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-27 The LIGO Scientific Collaboration , the Virgo Collaboration , the KAGRA Collaboration

Observations of gravitational waves (GWs) from merging compact binaries have become a regular occurrence. The continued advancement of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) Collaboration detectors have now produced a catalog of over 90 such mergers,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-01 Jaxen Godfrey , Bruce Edelman , Ben Farr

Gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences (CBCs) can constrain the cosmic expansion of the universe. In the absence of an associated electromagnetic counterpart, the spectral sirens method exploits the relation between the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-12-20 Grégoire Pierra , Simone Mastrogiovanni , Stéphane Perriès , Michela Mapelli

The properties of the population of merging binary black holes encode some of the uncertain physics of the evolution of massive stars in binaries. The binary black hole merger rate and chirp mass distribution are being measured by…

The catalog of gravitational-wave events is growing, and so are our hopes of constraining the underlying astrophysics of stellar-mass black-hole mergers by inferring the distributions of, e.g., masses and spins. While conventional analyses…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-15 Matthew Mould , Davide Gerosa , Stephen R. Taylor

The recent advanced LIGO detections of gravitational waves from merging binary black holes enhance the prospect of exploring binary evolution via gravitational-wave observations of a population of compact-object binaries. In the face of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-01-25 Ilya Mandel , Will M. Farr , Andrea Colonna , Simon Stevenson , Peter Tiňo , John Veitch

In large and complicated stellar systems like galaxies it is difficult to predict the number and characteristics of a black hole population. Such populations may be modelled as an aggregation of homogeneous (i.e. having uniform star…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-11-06 Grzegorz Wiktorowicz , Łukasz Wyrzykowski , Martyna Chruslinska , Jakub Klencki , Krzysztof A. Rybicki , Krzysztof Belczynski

The detection of gravitational waves from merging black holes with masses $\sim\,80-150\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$ suggests that some proportion of black hole binary systems form hierarchically in dense astrophysical environments, as most stellar…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-08 Jordan Moncrieff , Fiona Panther

Ground-based gravitational-wave (GW) observatories have transformed our view of compact-object mergers, yet their reach still limits a comprehensive reconstruction of the processes that generate these systems. Only next-generation…

We investigate the joint primary mass, mass ratio, and redshift observed distribution of astrophysical black holes using the gravitational wave events detected by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration and included in the third gravitational…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-30 Stefano Rinaldi , Walter Del Pozzo , Michela Mapelli , Ana Lorenzo-Medina , Thomas Dent

The population of black holes observed via gravitational waves currently covers the local universe up to a redshift $z\lesssim 1$, for the most massive merging binaries, or $z\lesssim 0.25$ for low-mass BH binaries (BBH). Evolution of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-16 Jam Sadiq , Thomas Dent , Ana Lorenzo-Medina

Since the initial discovery of gravitational-waves from merging black holes, the LIGO Scientific Collaboration together with Virgo and KAGRA have published 90 gravitational-wave observations of compact binary mergers in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-09-09 Vera Del Favero

The observed distributions of the source properties from gravitational-wave detections are biased due to the selection effects and detection criteria in the detections, analogous to the Malmquist bias. In this work, this observation bias is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-15 Doğa Veske , Imre Bartos , Zsuzsa Márka , Szabolcs Márka

The population of binary black hole mergers observed in gravitational waves, together with astrophysical simulations, can help us to understand the properties of the progenitors and the binary formation mechanisms in different astrophysical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-12-12 Ken K. Y. Ng , Konstantinos Kritos , Andrea Antonelli , Roberto Cotesta , Emanuele Berti

We examine how future gravitational-wave measurements from merging black holes (BHs) can be used to infer the shape of the black-hole mass function, with important implications for the study of star formation and evolution and the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-07 Ely D. Kovetz , Ilias Cholis , Patrick C. Breysse , Marc Kamionkowski

Binary black holes may form both through isolated binary evolution and through dynamical interactions in dense stellar environments. The formation channel leaves an imprint on the alignment between the black hole spins and the orbital…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-12 Simon Stevenson , Christopher P. L. Berry , Ilya Mandel

We characterize the expected statistical errors with which the parameters of black-hole binaries can be measured from gravitational-wave (GW) observations of their inspiral, merger and ringdown by a network of second-generation ground-based…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-07 Archisman Ghosh , Walter Del Pozzo , Parameswaran Ajith

Gravitational-wave measurements of the binary black hole population provide insights into the evolution of merging binaries. We explore potential correlation between mass and mass ratio with phenomenological population models where the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-17 Storm Colloms , Zoheyr Doctor , Christopher P L Berry

The observation of gravitational-wave signals from merging black-hole binaries enables direct measurement of the properties of the black holes. An individual observation allows measurement of the black-hole masses, but only limited…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-12 Vaibhav Tiwari , Stephen Fairhurst , Mark Hannam

We use the well tested StarTrack binary population synthesis code to examine the properties of the population of compact object binaries. We calculate the distribution of masses and mass ratios taking into account weights introduced by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Bulik , D. Gondek-Rosinska , K. Belczynski