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Variational quantum circuits (VQCs) are a central component of many quantum machine learning algorithms, offering a hybrid quantum-classical framework that, under certain aspects, can be considered similar to classical deep neural networks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-16 Nicola Assolini , Luca Marzari , Isabella Mastroeni , Alessandra di Pierro

We explore the effectiveness of variational quantum circuits in simulating the ground states of quantum many-body Hamiltonians. We show that generic high-depth circuits, performing a sequence of layer unitaries of the same form, can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-16 Joonho Kim , Jaedeok Kim , Dario Rosa

Preparing the ground state of a given Hamiltonian and estimating its ground energy are important but computationally hard tasks. However, given some additional information, these problems can be solved efficiently on a quantum computer. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-16 Lin Lin , Yu Tong

Finding accurate ground state energy of a many-body system has been a major challenge in quantum chemistry. The integration of classic and quantum computers has shed new light on resolving this outstanding problem. Here we propose…

Contextuality, one of the strongest forms of quantum correlations, delineates the quantum world and the classical one. It has been shown recently that some quantum models, in the form of infinite one-dimensional translation-invariant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-10 Kaiyan Yang , Yanzheng Zhu , Xiao Zeng , Zuoheng Zou , Man-Hong Yung , Zizhu Wang

Quantum contextuality is a limitation on deterministic hidden variable models, testable in measurement scenarios where outcomes differ under quantum or classical descriptions due to a common set of constraints. When considering measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-25 Colm Kelleher , Frédéric Holweck

We consider the task of verifying the correctness of quantum computation for a restricted class of circuits which contain at most two basis changes. This contains circuits giving rise to the second level of the Fourier Hierarchy, the lowest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-18 Tommaso F. Demarie , Yingkai Ouyang , Joseph F. Fitzsimons

Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) provides a lucrative platform to determine molecular energetics in near-term quantum devices. While the VQE is traditionally tailored to determine the ground state wavefunction with the underlying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-22 Dibyendu Mondal , Rahul Maitra

We construct classical algorithms computing an approximation of the ground state energy of an arbitrary $k$-local Hamiltonian acting on $n$ qubits. We first consider the setting where a good ``guiding state'' is available, which is the main…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-08 François Le Gall

We propose a scheme for realizing the scalable quantum computation based on nonidentical quantum dots trapped in a single-mode waveguide. In this system, the quantum dots simultaneously interact with a large detuned waveguide and classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-17 Jian-Qi Zhang , Ya-Fei Yu , Xun-Li Feng , Zhi-Ming Zhang

Solving optimisation problems encoded in the ground state of classical-spin systems is a focus area for quantum computing devices, providing upper bounds to the unknown solution. To certify these bounds, they are compared to those obtained…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-04 Flavio Baccari , Christian Gogolin , Peter Wittek , Antonio Acín

Due to the physics behind quantum computing, quantum circuit designers must adhere to the constraints posed by the limited interaction distance of qubits. Existing circuits need therefore to be modified via the insertion of SWAP gates,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-21 Jesse Mulderij , Karen I. Aardal , Irina Chiscop , Frank Phillipson

Classical algorithms for predicting the equilibrium geometry of strongly correlated molecules require expensive wave function methods that become impractical already for few-atom systems. In this work, we introduce a variational quantum…

We propose a variational scheme to represent composite quantum systems using multiple parameterized functions of varying accuracies on both classical and quantum hardware. The approach follows the variational principle over the entire…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Stefano Barison , Filippo Vicentini , Giuseppe Carleo

Applications such as simulating complicated quantum systems or solving large-scale linear algebra problems are very challenging for classical computers due to the extremely high computational cost. Quantum computers promise a solution,…

This paper introduces the concept of exhaustively parametrised, feasibility-respecting quantum circuits for constrained combinatorial optimisation problems. Such circuits can reach, given the right parameter values, every feasible solution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-28 Marvin Schwiering , Timo Ziegler , Lennart Binkowski , Benjamin Sambale

Circuit cutting partitions a large quantum circuit into smaller subcircuits that can be executed independently and recombined by classical post-processing. In classical state-vector simulation with full-state reconstruction, the runtime is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Mitsuhiro Matsumoto , Shinichiro Sanji , Takahiko Satoh

Computing many-body ground state energies and resolving electronic structure calculations are fundamental problems for fields such as quantum chemistry or condensed matter. Several quantum computing algorithms that address these problems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-12 Karen J. Morenz Korol , Kenny Choo , Antonio Mezzacapo

We study the classical simulation complexity in both the weak and strong senses, of matchgate (MG) computations supplemented with all combinations of settings involving inclusion of intermediate adaptive or nonadaptive computational basis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-11 Martin Hebenstreit , Richard Jozsa , Barbara Kraus , Sergii Strelchuk

The continued development of computational approaches to many-body ground-state problems in physics and chemistry calls for a consistent way to assess its overall progress. In this work, we introduce a metric of variational accuracy, the…