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In this short note, we discuss the Barndorff-Nielsen lemma, which is a generalization of well-known Borel-Cantelli lemma. Although the result stated in the Barndorff-Nielsen lemma is correct, it does not follow from the argument proposed in…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-01-16 Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan , Alexei Stepanov

We study power-set operations on classes of trees and tree algebras. Our main result consists of a distributive law between the tree monad and the upwards-closed power-set monad, in the case where all trees are assumed to be linear. For…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Achim Blumensath

It is shown that the collapse model derived from the theory of causal fermion systems does not give rise to a heating of the probe. Experimental consequences are worked out. The connections to the continuous spontaneous localization (CSL)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Felix Finster , Claudio F. Paganini

We give a new proof that the Riemann zeta function is nonzero in the half-plane $\{s\in{\mathbb C}:\sigma>1\}$. A novel feature of this proof is that it makes no use of the Euler product for $\zeta(s)$.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-02-14 William D. Banks

We prove a non-integrability result concerning iterative derivations on projective line, where the iterative rule is given by a non-algebraic formal group.

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-05-24 Daniel Hoffmann , Piotr Kowalski

The group structure on the rational points of elliptic curves plays several important roles, in mathematics and recently also in other areas such as cryptography. However, the famous proofs for the group property (in particular, for its…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-05-25 Koji Nuida

In this paper we prove a wall-crossing formula, a crucial ingredient needed to prove that the correlation function of gauged linear sigma model is independent of the choice of perturbations.

Symplectic Geometry · Mathematics 2019-05-14 Gang Tian , Guangbo Xu

In this paper, we prove that there is no number with the Lehmer property in the sequence of Pell numbers.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-10-05 Bernadette Faye , Florian Luca

In this paper we give a mathematical proof of Dodgson algorithm [1]. Recently Zeilberger [2] gave a bijective proof. Our techniques are based on determinant properties and they are obtained by induction.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-12-04 Kouachi Said , Abdelmalek Salem , Rebiai Belgacem

We give a short proof of the strong law of large numbers based on duality for random walk

Probability · Mathematics 2021-09-10 Nicolas Curien

We give an uncountability proof of the reals which relies on their order completeness instead of their sequential completeness. We use neither a form of the axiom of choice nor the law of excluded middle, therefore the proof applies to the…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2019-02-21 Ingo Blechschmidt , Matthias Hutzler

In this paper we present a quantitative analysis of the first and second Borel-Cantelli Lemmas and of two of their generalisations: the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi Theorem, and the Kochen-Stone Theorem. We will see that the first three results have…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-17 Rob Arthan , Paulo Oliva

A new simple proof of Stirling's formula via the partial fraction expansion for the tangent function is presented.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2014-07-15 Thorsten Neuschel

Post-training, which elicits a pretrained Base model into the corresponding Instruct model, is widely considered to be superficial. In this work, we first reinforce this hypothesis by providing novel quantitative evidence from the weight…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Taiqiang Wu , Runming Yang , Tao Liu , Jiahao Wang , Zenan Xu , Ngai Wong

This paper presents an elementary and direct proof of the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra, via Bolzano-Weierstrass Theorem on Minima, that avoids: every root extraction, angle, non-algebraic functions, differentiation, integration, series…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2012-12-27 Oswaldo Rio Branco de Oliveira

We show that there exists a stably free module over a polynomial ring which is not extended from the ground ring. This provides a counterexample to the Hermite ring conjecture.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2023-11-08 Daniel Schäppi

We prove that club does not imply the existence of a Suslin tree, so answering a question of I. Juhasz.

Logic · Mathematics 2019-08-27 Mirna Džamonja , Saharon Shelah

This is a translation of a final paper. It contains proofs of some well-known Positivstellens\"atze. The approach in this paper differs in two respects from presentations in literature. We use the Stone-Weierstrass Theorem directly to prove…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2014-11-18 Christoph Schulze

We present an exposition of the *Chain Bounding Lemma*, which is a common generalization of both Zorn's Lemma and the Bourbaki-Witt fixed point theorem. The proofs of these results through the use of Chain Bounding are amongst the simplest…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-10-31 Guillermo L. Incatasciato , Pedro Sánchez Terraf

Kolmogorov's invariant torus theorem is proved using a simple fixed point theorem.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-05-27 Jacques Féjoz