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Related papers: Modality-Native Routing in Agent-to-Agent Networks…

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With the recent advancements in reasoning capabilities, tool calling using MCP servers and Audio Language Models (ALMs), development and integration of multi-modal agents (with voice and text support) has come to the industry forefront.…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Anupam Purwar , Aditya Choudhary

AI agents are increasingly used to solve complex, multi-step tasks, but existing multi-agent frameworks remain brittle as workflows grow in scale and depth. Small errors at intermediate stages can propagate through agent interactions, while…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Andy Xu , Yu-Wing Tai

As distributed artificial intelligence (AI) and multi-agent architectures grow increasingly complex, the need for adaptive, context-aware routing becomes paramount. This paper introduces an enhanced, adaptive routing algorithm tailored for…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Theodor Panayotov , Ivo Emanuilov

The advancement of large language models (LLMs) prompts the development of multi-modal agents, which are used as a controller to call external tools, providing a feasible way to solve practical tasks. In this paper, we propose a multi-modal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Zhi Gao , Bofei Zhang , Pengxiang Li , Xiaojian Ma , Tao Yuan , Yue Fan , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia , Song-Chun Zhu , Qing Li

Despite the potential of language model-based agents to solve real-world tasks such as web navigation, current methods still struggle with long-horizon tasks with complex action trajectories. In contrast, humans can flexibly solve complex…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Zora Zhiruo Wang , Jiayuan Mao , Daniel Fried , Graham Neubig

Millimeter-wave or terahertz communications can meet demands of low-altitude economy networks for high-throughput sensing and real-time decision making. However, high-frequency characteristics of wireless channels result in severe…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Min Hao , Zhizhuo Li , Zirui Zhang , Maoqiang Wu , Han Zhang , Rong Yu

To improve the reasoning and question-answering capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), several multi-agent approaches have been introduced. While these methods enhance performance, the application of collective intelligence-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Ciaran Regan , Alexandre Gournail , Mizuki Oka

Open-sourced Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved great success in various NLP tasks, however, they are still far inferior to API-based models when acting as agents. How to integrate agent ability into general LLMs becomes a crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Zehui Chen , Kuikun Liu , Qiuchen Wang , Wenwei Zhang , Jiangning Liu , Dahua Lin , Kai Chen , Feng Zhao

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have incentivized models to ``think with images'' by actively invoking visual tools during multi-turn reasoning. The common Reinforcement Learning (RL) practice of relying on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Wenhao Yang , Yu Xia , Jinlong Huang , Shiyin Lu , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Yuchen Zhou , Xiaobo Xia , Yuanyu Wan , Lijun Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

As Agentic AI systems evolve from basic workflows to complex multi agent collaboration, robust protocols such as Google's Agent2Agent (A2A) become essential enablers. To foster secure adoption and ensure the reliability of these complex…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Idan Habler , Ken Huang , Vineeth Sai Narajala , Prashant Kulkarni

Multi-agent systems have extended the capability of agentic AI. Instead of single inference passes, multiple agents perform collective reasoning to derive high quality answers. However, existing multi-agent orchestration relies on static…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Chaoyi Ruan , Yiliang Wang , Ziji Shi , Jialin Li

Current evaluation frameworks and benchmarks for LLM powered agents focus on text chat driven agents, these frameworks do not expose the persona of user to the agent, thus operating in a user agnostic environment. Importantly, in customer…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Anupam Purwar , Aditya Choudhary

Many potential applications of reinforcement learning in the real world involve interacting with other agents whose numbers vary over time. We propose new neural policy architectures for these multi-agent problems. In contrast to other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-03 Matthew A. Wright , Roberto Horowitz

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have heterogeneous strengths across OCR, chart understanding, spatial reasoning, visual question answering, cost, and latency. Effective MLLM routing therefore requires more than estimating query…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xueqi Cheng , Yushun Dong

Although multi-agent systems based on large language models show strong capabilities on multiple tasks, they are still limited by high computational overhead, information loss, and robustness. Inspired by ResNet's residual learning, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Zhentao Xie , Chengcheng Han , Jinxin Shi , Wenjun Cui , Xin Zhao , Xingjiao Wu , Jiabao Zhao

While multi-agent trust region algorithms have achieved great success empirically in solving coordination tasks, most of them, however, suffer from a non-stationarity problem since agents update their policies simultaneously. In contrast, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Xihuai Wang , Zheng Tian , Ziyu Wan , Ying Wen , Jun Wang , Weinan Zhang

Language agents have demonstrated autonomous decision-making abilities by reasoning with foundation models. Recently, efforts have been made to train language agents for performance improvement, with multi-step reasoning and action…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Zonghan Yang , Peng Li , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Yang Liu

Googles A2A protocol provides a secure communication framework for AI agents but demonstrates critical limitations when handling highly sensitive information such as payment credentials and identity documents. These gaps increase the risk…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Yedidel Louck , Ariel Stulman , Amit Dvir

Large language model-based multi-agent systems have shown great abilities across various tasks due to the collaboration of expert agents, each focusing on a specific domain. However, the impact of clumsy or even malicious agents--those who…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jen-tse Huang , Jiaxu Zhou , Tailin Jin , Xuhui Zhou , Zixi Chen , Wenxuan Wang , Youliang Yuan , Michael R. Lyu , Maarten Sap

The reasoning capabilities of LLM (Large Language Model) are widely acknowledged in recent research, inspiring studies on tool learning and autonomous agents. LLM serves as the "brain" of the agent, orchestrating multiple tools for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Xiangyan Liu , Rongxue Li , Wei Ji , Tao Lin
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