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Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offer inherent interpretability by initially translating images into human-comprehensible concepts, followed by a linear combination of these concepts for classification. However, the annotation of concepts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hangzhou He , Lei Zhu , Xinliang Zhang , Shuang Zeng , Qian Chen , Yanye Lu

Graph regression is a fundamental task that has gained significant attention in various graph learning tasks. However, the inference process is often not easily interpretable. Current explanation techniques are limited to understanding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Jiaxing Zhang , Zhuomin Chen , Hao Mei , Longchao Da , Dongsheng Luo , Hua Wei

Concept bottleneck models (CBMs) have emerged as critical tools in domains where interpretability is paramount. These models rely on predefined textual descriptions, referred to as concepts, to inform their decision-making process and offer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Maor Dikter , Tsachi Blau , Chaim Baskin

Language Bottleneck Models (LBMs) are proposed to achieve interpretable image recognition by classifying images based on textual concept bottlenecks. However, current LBMs simply list all concepts together as the bottleneck layer, leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Jianyang Zhang , Qianli Luo , Guowu Yang , Wenjing Yang , Weide Liu , Guosheng Lin , Fengmao Lv

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) excel in graph-based learning tasks, but their complex, non-linear operations often render them as opaque "black boxes". This opacity hinders user trust, complicates debugging, bias detection, and adoption in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 TC Singh , Sougata Mukherjea

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as a prominent framework for graph mining, leading to significant advances across various domains. Stemmed from the node-wise representations of GNNs, existing explanation studies have embraced the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Yuwen Wang , Shunyu Liu , Tongya Zheng , Kaixuan Chen , Mingli Song

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) to process graph-structured data is an active research area, yet current state-of-the-art approaches typically rely on multi-step pipelines with Graph Neural Network (GNN) encoders that compress rich…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Dario Vajda

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) enable interpretable image classification by structuring predictions around human-understandable concepts, but extending this paradigm to video remains challenging due to the difficulty of extracting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Patrick Knab , Sascha Marton , Philipp J. Schubert , Drago Guggiana , Christian Bartelt

The rise of self-supervised learning, which operates without the need for labeled data, has garnered significant interest within the graph learning community. This enthusiasm has led to the development of numerous Graph Contrastive Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Qian Ma , Hongliang Chi , Hengrui Zhang , Kay Liu , Zhiwei Zhang , Lu Cheng , Suhang Wang , Philip S. Yu , Yao Ma

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have garnered increasing attention due to their ability to provide concept-based explanations for black-box deep learning models while achieving high final prediction accuracy using human-like concepts.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Lijie Hu , Tianhao Huang , Huanyi Xie , Xilin Gong , Chenyang Ren , Zhengyu Hu , Lu Yu , Ping Ma , Di Wang

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) promote interpretability by grounding predictions in human-understandable concepts. However, existing CBMs typically fix their task predictor to a single linear or Boolean expression, limiting both…

Graph pooling is an essential ingredient of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) in graph classification and regression tasks. For these tasks, different pooling strategies have been proposed to generate a graph-level representation by downsampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Kashob Kumar Roy , Amit Roy , A K M Mahbubur Rahman , M Ashraful Amin , Amin Ahsan Ali

The trust in the predictions of Graph Neural Networks is limited by their opaque reasoning process. Prior methods have tried to explain graph networks via concept-based explanations extracted from the latent representations obtained after…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Lucie Charlotte Magister , Pietro Lio

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs), which break down the reasoning process into the input-to-concept mapping and the concept-to-label prediction, have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable interpretability achieved by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Qihan Huang , Jie Song , Jingwen Hu , Haofei Zhang , Yong Wang , Mingli Song

Text classification plays an important role in various downstream text-related tasks, such as sentiment analysis, fake news detection, and public opinion analysis. Recently, text classification based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has made…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Zuo Wang , Ye Yuan

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have shown strong performance in learning text representations for various tasks such as text classification, due to its expressive power in modeling graph structure data (e.g., a literature citation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Zhibin Lu , Qianqian Xie , Benyou Wang , Jian-yun Nie

Despite their remarkable performance on a wide range of visual tasks, machine learning technologies often succumb to data distribution shifts. Consequently, a range of recent work explores techniques for detecting these shifts.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Maleakhi A. Wijaya , Dmitry Kazhdan , Botty Dimanov , Mateja Jamnik

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are often considered black boxes due to their opaque decision-making processes. To reduce their opacity Concept Models (CMs), such as Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs), were introduced to predict human-defined…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jack Furby , Dan Cunnington , Dave Braines , Alun Preece

The lack of transparency in the decision-making processes of deep learning systems presents a significant challenge in modern artificial intelligence (AI), as it impairs users' ability to rely on and verify these systems. To address this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-18 David Debot , Pietro Barbiero , Francesco Giannini , Gabriele Ciravegna , Michelangelo Diligenti , Giuseppe Marra

Recently impressive performance has been achieved in Concept Bottleneck Models (CBM) by utilizing the image-text alignment learned by a large pre-trained vision-language model (i.e. CLIP). However, there exist two key limitations in concept…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Minghong Zhong , Guoshuai Zou , Kanghao Chen , Dexia Chen , Ruixuan Wang