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There is growing interest in concept-based models (CBMs) that combine high-performance and interpretability by acquiring and reasoning with a vocabulary of high-level concepts. A key requirement is that the concepts be interpretable.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Emanuele Marconato , Andrea Passerini , Stefano Teso

Interpretable graph learning is in need as many scientific applications depend on learning models to collect insights from graph-structured data. Previous works mostly focused on using post-hoc approaches to interpret pre-trained models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-20 Siqi Miao , Miaoyuan Liu , Pan Li

One significant challenge of exploiting Graph neural networks (GNNs) in real-life scenarios is that they are always treated as black boxes, therefore leading to the requirement of interpretability. To address this, model-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xiao Yue , Guangzhi Qu , Lige Gan

Models based on human-understandable concepts have received extensive attention to improve model interpretability for trustworthy artificial intelligence in the field of medical image analysis. These methods can provide convincing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Hongmei Wang , Junlin Hou , Hao Chen

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) provide a basis for semantic abstractions within a neural network architecture. Such models have primarily been seen through the lens of interpretability so far, wherein they offer transparency by inferring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Deepika SN Vemuri , Gautham Bellamkonda , Aditya Pola , Vineeth N Balasubramanian

Concept bottleneck models (CBM) aim to produce inherently interpretable models that rely on human-understandable concepts for their predictions. However, existing approaches to design interpretable generative models based on CBMs are not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Akshay Kulkarni , Ge Yan , Chung-En Sun , Tuomas Oikarinen , Tsui-Wei Weng

Concept-Based Models (CBMs) are a class of deep learning models that provide interpretability by explaining predictions through high-level concepts. These models first predict concepts and then use them to perform a downstream task.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 David Debot , Pietro Barbiero , Gabriele Dominici , Giuseppe Marra

Molecular dynamics simulations offer detailed insights into atomic motions but face timescale limitations. Enhanced sampling methods have addressed these challenges but even with machine learning, they often rely on pre-selected…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Ziyue Zou , Dedi Wang , Pratyush Tiwary

Graph neural networks (GNNs) excel on relational data by passing messages over node features and structure, but they can amplify training data biases, propagating discriminatory attributes and structural imbalances into unfair outcomes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Chuxun Liu , Debo Cheng , Qingfeng Chen , Jiangzhang Gan , Jiuyong Li , Lin Liu

Concept bottleneck models are interpretable predictive models that are often used in domains where model trust is a key priority, such as healthcare. They identify a small number of human-interpretable concepts in the data, which they then…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Katrina Brown , Marton Havasi , Finale Doshi-Velez

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) aim to deliver interpretable and interventionable predictions by bridging features and labels with human-understandable concepts. While recent CBMs show promising potential, they suffer from information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Ao Sun , Yuanyuan Yuan , Pingchuan Ma , Shuai Wang

Automated essay scoring (AES) has advanced significantly with neural language models, yet most systems remain opaque, offering little visibility into how grades are produced. In educational settings, instructors must be able to understand,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Kumar Satvik Chaudhary , Chengshuai Zhao , Fan Zhang , Garima Agrawal , Yuli Deng , Huan Liu

Existing representation learning methods in graph convolutional networks are mainly designed by describing the neighborhood of each node as a perceptual whole, while the implicit semantic associations behind highly complex interactions of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Likang Wu , Zhi Li , Hongke Zhao , Qi Liu , Jun Wang , Mengdi Zhang , Enhong Chen

Concept bottleneck models (CBM) aim to improve model interpretability by predicting human level "concepts" in a bottleneck within a deep learning model architecture. However, how the predicted concepts are used in predicting the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Matthew Shen , Aliyah Hsu , Abhineet Agarwal , Bin Yu

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) aims to alleviate the inherent incompleteness of knowledge graphs (KGs), which is a critical task for various applications, such as recommendations on the web. Although knowledge graph embedding (KGE) models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Tengfei Ma , Xiang song , Wen Tao , Mufei Li , Jiani Zhang , Xiaoqin Pan , Jianxin Lin , Bosheng Song , xiangxiang Zeng

Machine learning accelerates molecular property prediction, yet state-of-the-art Large Language Models and Graph Neural Networks operate as black boxes. In drug discovery, where safety is critical, this opacity risks masking false…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Oscar Rivera , Ziqing Wang , Matthieu Dagommer , Abhishek Pandey , Kaize Ding

The opaque reasoning of Graph Neural Networks induces a lack of human trust. Existing graph network explainers attempt to address this issue by providing post-hoc explanations, however, they fail to make the model itself more interpretable.…

Concept-based models are an emerging paradigm in deep learning that constrains the inference process to operate through human-interpretable variables, facilitating explainability and human interaction. However, these architectures, on par…

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) provide inherent interpretability by first predicting a set of human-understandable concepts and then mapping them to labels through a simple classifier. While users can intervene in the concept space to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Hangzhou He , Lei Zhu , Kaiwen Li , Xinliang Zhang , Jiakui Hu , Ourui Fu , Zhengjian Yao , Yanye Lu

Concept bottleneck models perform classification by first predicting which of a list of human provided concepts are true about a datapoint. Then a downstream model uses these predicted concept labels to predict the target label. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Joshua Lockhart , Nicolas Marchesotti , Daniele Magazzeni , Manuela Veloso
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