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Autonomous AI agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in real-world applications, where reliable and robust behavior is critical. However, existing agent evaluation frameworks either rely heavily on manual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Syed Yusuf Ahmed , Shiwei Feng , Chanwoo Bae , Calix Barrus Xiangyu Zhang

As research in automatically detecting bugs grows and produces new techniques, having suitable collections of programs with known bugs becomes crucial to reliably and meaningfully compare the effectiveness of these techniques. Most of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Riccardo Felici , Laura Pozzi , Carlo A. Furia

The art of finding software vulnerabilities has been covered extensively in the literature and there is a huge body of work on this topic. In contrast, the intentional insertion of exploitable, security-critical bugs has received little…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Jannik Pewny , Thorsten Holz

Selecting LLM-generated code candidates using LLM-generated tests is challenging because the tests themselves may be incorrect. Existing methods either treat all tests equally or rely on ad-hoc heuristics to filter unreliable tests. Yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Hui Sun , Yun-Ji Zhang , Zheng Xie , Ren-Biao Liu , Yali Du , Xin-Ye Li , Ming Li

Large language models (LLMs) and their agentic frameworks are increasingly adopted to perform development tasks such as automated program repair (APR). While prior work has identified security risks in LLM-generated code, most have focused…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Amirali Sajadi , Kostadin Damevski , Preetha Chatterjee

Functional verification remains a critical bottleneck in modern IC development cycles, accounting for approximately 70% of total development time in many projects. However, traditional methods, including constrained-random and formal…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Junyue Wang , Zhicheng Yao , Yan Pi , Xiaolong Li , Fangyuan Song , Jinru Wang , Yunlong Xie , Sa Wang , Yungang Bao

Software testing remains the most widely used methodology for validating quality of code. However, effectiveness of testing critically depends on the quality of test suites used. Test cases in a test suite consist of two fundamental parts:…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Shan Jiang , Chenguang Zhu , Sarfraz Khurshid

Bug fixing holds significant importance in software development and maintenance. Recent research has made substantial strides in exploring the potential of large language models (LLMs) for automatically resolving software bugs. However, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuwei Zhang , Zhi Jin , Ying Xing , Ge Li , Fang Liu , Jiaxin Zhu , Wensheng Dou , Jun Wei

Existing code benchmarks measure whether an agent can produce any test that reproduces a known bug, or whether it can produce a patch that fixes a described issue. Neither isolates the distinct skill of property-based testing: deriving a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Lucas Jing , Xinqi Wang , Liao Zhang , Simon S. Du

Document forgery poses a growing threat to legal, economic, and governmental processes, requiring increasingly sophisticated verification mechanisms. One approach involves the use of plausibility checks, rule-based procedures that assess…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Valentin Schmidberger , Manuel Eberhardinger , Setareh Maghsudi , Johannes Maucher

Code auditing is the process of reviewing code with the aim of identifying bugs. Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising capabilities for this task without requiring compilation, while also supporting user-friendly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Jinyao Guo , Chengpeng Wang , Xiangzhe Xu , Zian Su , Xiangyu Zhang

Ensuring the security of modern System-on-Chip (SoC) designs poses significant challenges due to increasing complexity and distributed assets across the intellectual property (IP) blocks. Formal property verification (FPV) provides the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Dinesh Reddy Ankireddy , Sudipta Paria , Aritra Dasgupta , Sandip Ray , Swarup Bhunia

High-quality evaluation benchmarks are pivotal for deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) in Automated Code Review (ACR). However, existing benchmarks suffer from two critical limitations: first, the lack of multi-language support in…

Large language models (LLMs) have proven to be very capable, but access to frontier models currently relies on inference providers. This introduces trust challenges: how can we be sure that the provider is using the model configuration they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jack Min Ong , Matthew Di Ferrante , Aaron Pazdera , Ryan Garner , Sami Jaghouar , Manveer Basra , Max Ryabinin , Johannes Hagemann

The autonomous discovery of bugs remains a significant challenge in modern software development. Compared to code generation, the complexity of dynamic runtime environments makes bug discovery considerably harder for large language models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Shufan Jiang , Chios Chen , Zhiyang Chen

Bug reproduction is a critical developer activity that is also challenging to automate, as bug reports are often in natural language and thus can be difficult to transform to test cases consistently. As a result, existing techniques mostly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Sungmin Kang , Juyeon Yoon , Nargiz Askarbekkyzy , Shin Yoo

Consensus protocols form the backbone of distributed systems and blockchains, where implementation bugs can cause data corruption and financial losses. While LLM-based approaches show promise in code analysis, they struggle with deep…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiang Liu , Sa Song , Zhaowei Zhang , Huiying Lan , Jason Zeng , Ming Wu , Michael Heinrich , Yong Sun , Ceyao Zhang

Open-source ecosystems such as NPM and PyPI are increasingly targeted by supply chain attacks, yet existing detection methods either depend on fragile handcrafted rules or data-driven features that fail to capture evolving attack semantics.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Wenbo Guo , Shiwen Song , Jiaxun Guo , Zhengzi Xu , Chengwei Liu , Haoran Ou , Mengmeng Ge , Yang Liu

Modern software relies on a multitude of automated testing and quality assurance tools to prevent errors, bugs and potential vulnerabilities. This study sets out to provide a head-to-head, quantitative and qualitative evaluation of six…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Damian Gnieciak , Tomasz Szandala

Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for code generation has increasingly emerged as a common practice in the domain of software engineering. Relevant benchmarks have been established to evaluate the code generation capabilities of LLMs.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Jue Huang , Tarek Mahmud , Corina Pasareanu , Guowei Yang
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