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Smart contracts are commonly audited through static analysis to explore vulnerabilities. However, static approaches typically produce heterogeneous findings rather than reproducible, executable proof-of-concept (PoC) test cases, leading to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Longfei Chen , Ruibin Yan , Taiyu Wong , Yiyang Chen , Jialai Wang , Chao Zhang

Despite the critical threat posed by software security vulnerabilities, reports are often incomplete, lacking the proof-of-vulnerability (PoV) tests needed to validate fixes and prevent regressions. These tests are crucial not only for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Vikram Nitin , Baishakhi Ray , Roshanak Zilouchian Moghaddam

Recently Large Language Models (LLMs) have been used in security-related tasks, including generating proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits. Several LLM-assisted approaches have been proposed; they typically generate PoCs from vulnerability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Derin Gezgin , Amartya Das , Shinhae Kim , Zhengdong Huang , Nevena Stojkovic , Claire Wang

Software developers frequently receive vulnerability reports that require them to reproduce the vulnerability in a reliable manner by generating a proof-of-concept (PoC) input that triggers it. Given the source code for a software project…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Achintya Desai , Md Shafiuzzaman , Wenbo Guo , Tevfik Bultan

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have brought remarkable progress in code understanding and reasoning, creating new opportunities and raising new concerns for software security. Among many downstream tasks, generating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Mengyao Zhao , Kaixuan Li , Lyuye Zhang , Wenjing Dang , Chenggong Ding , Sen Chen , Zheli Liu

While recent approaches leverage large language models (LLMs) and multi-agent pipelines to automatically generate proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits from vulnerability reports, existing systems often suffer from two fundamental limitations:…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Phan The Duy , Khoa Ngo-Khanh , Nguyen Huu Quyen , Van-Hau Pham

Detecting tricky bugs in plausible programs, those that pass existing test suites yet still contain bugs, remains a significant challenge in software testing. To address this problem, we propose TrickCatcher, an LLM-powered approach to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Kaibo Liu , Zhenpeng Chen , Yiyang Liu , Jie M. Zhang , Mark Harman , Yudong Han , Yun Ma , Yihong Dong , Ge Li , Gang Huang

Security vulnerabilities in software packages are a significant concern for developers and users alike. Patching these vulnerabilities in a timely manner is crucial to restoring the integrity and security of software systems. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Deniz Simsek , Aryaz Eghbali , Michael Pradel

Software testing is a core discipline in software engineering where a large array of research results has been produced, notably in the area of automatic test generation. Because existing approaches produce test cases that either can be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Laura Plein , Wendkûuni C. Ouédraogo , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé

Large language models (LLMs) now support automated software security tasks, including vulnerability discovery and proof-of-concept (PoC) generation. Existing benchmarks do not faithfully evaluate LLMs in real-world bug hunting scenarios…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Hwiwon Lee , Jiawei Liu , Dongjun Kim , Ziqi Zhang , Chunqiu Steven Xia , Lingming Zhang

Smart contracts operate in a highly adversarial environment, where vulnerabilities can lead to substantial financial losses. Thus, smart contracts are subject to security audits. In auditing, proof-of-concept (PoC) exploits play a critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Vivi Andersson , Sofia Bobadilla , Harald Hobbelhagen , Martin Monperrus

Automated vulnerability reproduction from CVE descriptions requires generating executable Proof-of-Concept (PoC) exploits and validating them in target environments. This process is critical in software security research and practice, yet…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Bin Liu , Yanjie Zhao , Zhenpeng Chen , Guoai Xu , Haoyu Wang

Automated Vulnerability Repair (AVR) systems, especially those leveraging large language models (LLMs), have demonstrated promising results in patching vulnerabilities -- that is, if we trust their patch validation methodology. Ground-truth…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Zheng Yu , Wenxuan Shi , Xinqian Sun , Zheyun Feng , Meng Xu , Xinyu Xing

Automatically generated code is gaining traction recently, owing to the prevalence of Large Language Models (LLMs). Further, the AlphaProof initiative has demonstrated the possibility of using AI for general mathematical reasoning.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Haoxin Tu , Huan Zhao , Yahui Song , Mehtab Zafar , Ruijie Meng , Abhik Roychoudhury

In recent months, large language models (LLMs) have made significant progress in mathematical proof generation, but further advancement is hindered by the lack of a large-scale, high-quality dataset of human-evaluated proofs. While…

The Proof-of-Concept (PoC) for a vulnerability is crucial in validating its existence, mitigating false positives, and illustrating the severity of the security threat it poses. However, research on PoCs significantly lags behind studies…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Wenjing Dang , Kaixuan Li , Sen Chen , Zhenwei Zhuo , Lyuye Zhang , Zheli Liu

There is an increasing amount of research and commercial tools for automated test case generation using Large Language Models (LLMs). This paper critically examines whether recent LLM-based test generation tools, such as Codium CoverAgent…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Noble Saji Mathews , Meiyappan Nagappan

Automatic patch generation can significantly reduce the window of exposure after a vulnerability is disclosed. Towards this goal, a long-standing problem has been that of patch localization: to find a program point at which a patch can be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Shiqi Shen , Aashish Kolluri , Zhen Dong , Prateek Saxena , Abhik Roychoudhury

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as promising tools in software development, enabling automated code generation and analysis. However, their knowledge is limited to a fixed cutoff date, making them prone to generating code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Minjae Seo , Wonwoo Choi , Myoungsung You , Seungwon Shin

Property-based testing (PBT) is a lightweight formal method, typically implemented as a randomized testing framework. Users specify the input domain for their test using combinators supplied by the PBT framework, and the expected properties…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Muhammad Maaz , Liam DeVoe , Zac Hatfield-Dodds , Nicholas Carlini
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