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Across millennia, complex societies have faced the same coordination problem of how to organize collective action among cognitively bounded and informationally incomplete individuals. Different civilizations developed different political…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Chao Fei , Hongcheng Guo , Yanghua Xiao

Most existing Large Language Model (LLM)-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) rely on predefined workflows, where human engineers enumerate task states in advance and specify routing rules and contextual injections accordingly. Such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Xinxing Ren , Quagmire Zang , Caelum Forder , Suman Deb , Ahsen Tahir , Roman J. Georgio , Peter Carroll , Zekun Guo

AI agents are rapidly expanding in both capability and population: they now write code, operate computers across platforms, manage cloud infrastructure, and make purchasing decisions, while open-source frameworks such as OpenClaw are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xiaohang Nie , Zihan Guo , Kezhuo Yang , Zhichong Zheng , Bochen Ge , Shuai Pan , Zeyi Chen , Youling Xiang , Yu Zhang , Weiwen Liu , Yuanjian Zhou , Weinan Zhang

Large language models are increasingly proposed as autonomous agents for high-stakes public workflows, yet we lack systematic evidence about whether they would follow institutional rules when granted authority. We present evidence that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Vedanta S P , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru

Agentic AI systems - systems that can pursue goals through multi-step planning and tool-mediated action with limited direct supervision - are moving from experimental prototypes to enterprise deployments. This transition introduces tensions…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Nelly Dux , Cristina Alaimo , Philippe Roussiere , Abhishek Kumar Mishra

AI agent frameworks connecting large language model (LLM) reasoning to host execution surfaces -- shell, filesystem, containers, and messaging -- introduce security challenges structurally distinct from conventional software. We present a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Surada Suwansathit , Yuxuan Zhang , Guofei Gu

Multi-agent LLM ensembles can converge on coordinated, socially harmful equilibria. This paper advances an experimental framework for evaluating Institutional AI, our system-level approach to AI alignment that reframes alignment from…

Autonomous and intelligent systems (AIS) facilitate a wide range of beneficial applications across a variety of different domains. However, technical characteristics such as unpredictability and lack of transparency, as well as potential…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Lukas D. Pöhler , Klaus Diepold , Wendell Wallach

MediaClaw is a multimodal agent platform built on the OpenClaw ecosystem. Its core design follows a three-layer architecture of unified abstraction, pluginized extension, and workflow orchestration. The system is intended to address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Shaoan Zhao , Huanlin Gao , Qiang Hui , Ting Lu , Xueqiang Guo , Yantao Li , Xinpei Su , Fuyuan Shi , Chao Tan , Fang Zhao , Kai Wang , Shiguo Lian

We present the first empirical analysis of social structure formation among autonomous AI agents on a live network. Our study examines 626 agents -- predominantly OpenClaw instances that independently discovered, installed, and joined the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Teodor-Ioan Calin

The rapid deployment of autonomous AI agents across enterprise, healthcare, and safety-critical environments has created a fundamental governance gap. Existing approaches, runtime guardrails, training-time alignment, and post-hoc auditing…

AI agents dynamically acquire tools, orchestrate sub-agents, and transact across organizational boundaries, yet no existing security layer verifies what an agent can do, whether it executed what it claims, or what happened in a multi-agent…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Ziling Zhou

Alignment research focuses on making individual AI systems reliable. Human institutions achieve reliable collective behaviour differently: they mitigate the risk posed by misaligned individuals through organisational structure. Multi-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 William Waites

Open agentic systems combine LLM-based planning with external capabilities, persistent memory, and privileged execution. They are used in coding assistants, browser copilots, and enterprise automation. OpenClaw is a visible instance of this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Shiping Chen , Qin Wang , Guangsheng Yu , Xu Wang , Liming Zhu

As AI systems evolve into distributed ecosystems with autonomous execution, asynchronous reasoning, and multi-agent coordination, the absence of scalable, decoupled governance poses a structural risk. Existing oversight mechanisms are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Suyash Gaurav , Jukka Heikkonen , Jatin Chaudhary

Agents, language model-based systems capable of reasoning, planning, and acting are widely adopted in real-world tasks, yet how their performance changes as these systems scale across key dimensions remains underexplored. We introduce…

Collaborative agentic AI is projected to transform entire industries by enabling AI-powered agents to autonomously perceive, plan, and act within digital environments. Yet, current solutions in this field are all built in isolation, and we…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Rishi Sharma , Martijn de Vos , Pradyumna Chari , Ramesh Raskar , Anne-Marie Kermarrec

Enterprise agents are increasingly expected to operate autonomously across tools and interfaces, yet production deployments require governance by construction. Systems must specify which actions are allowed, when human oversight is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Segev Shlomov , Iftach Shoham , Alon Oved , Ido Levy , Sami Marreed , Harold Ship , Offer Akrabi , Sergey Zeltyn , Avi Yaeli , Nir Mashkif

As LLM-based systems increasingly operate as agents embedded within human social and technical systems, alignment can no longer be treated as a property of an isolated model, but must be understood in relation to the environments in which…

Autonomous AI agents can remain fully authorized and still become unsafe as behavior drifts, adversaries adapt, and decision patterns shift without any code change. We propose the \textbf{Informational Viability Principle}: governing an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 German Marin , Jatin Chaudhary
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