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Integrated circuit (IC) piracy and overproduction are serious issues that threaten the security and integrity of a system. Logic locking is a type of hardware obfuscation technique where additional key gates are inserted into the circuit.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-01-27 Michael Yue , Fatemeh Tehranipoor

Consumer and defense systems demanded design and manufacturing of electronics with increased performance, compared to their predecessors. As such systems became ubiquitous in a plethora of domains, their application surface increased, thus…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-19 Abhijitt Dhavlle

To reduce the cost of ICs and to meet the market's demand, a considerable portion of manufacturing supply chain, including silicon fabrication, packaging and testing may be pushed offshore. Utilizing a global IC manufacturing supply chain,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Kimia Zamiri Azar , Hadi Mardani Kamali , Houman Homayoun , Avesta Sasan

The increasing cost of integrated circuit (IC) fabrication has driven most companies to "go fabless" over time. The corresponding outsourcing trend gave rise to various attack vectors, e.g., illegal overproduction of ICs, piracy of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Johann Knechtel , Satwik Patnaik , Ozgur Sinanoglu

The outsourced manufacturing of integrated circuits has increased the risk of intellectual property theft. In response, logic locking techniques have been developed for protecting designs by adding programmable elements to the circuit.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Joseph Sweeney , Deepali Garg , Lawrence Pileggi

Due to cost benefits, supply chains of integrated circuits (ICs) are largely outsourced nowadays. However, passing ICs through various third-party providers gives rise to many threats, like piracy of IC intellectual property or insertion of…

With the emergence of 5G, Internet of Things (IoT) has become a center of attraction for almost all industries due to its wide range of applications from various domains. The explosive growth of industrial control processes and the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Vishal A. Thakor , M. A. Razzaque , Muhammad R. A. Khandaker

The globalization of the semiconductor industry has introduced security challenges to Integrated Circuits (ICs), particularly those related to the threat of Hardware Trojans (HTs) - malicious logic that can be introduced during IC…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Mohammad Eslami , Tara Ghasempouri , Samuel Pagliarini

Intellectual property (IP) piracy has become a non-negligible problem as the integrated circuit (IC) production supply chain is becoming increasingly globalized and separated that enables attacks by potentially untrusted attackers. Logic…

The emergence of small computing devices and the integration of processing units into everyday objects has made lightweight cryptography an essential part of the security landscape. Conventional cryptographic algorithms such as AES, RSA,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Mohsin Khan , Elisavet Kozyri , Håvard Dagenborg

Modern circuits face various threats like reverse engineering, theft of intellectual property (IP), side-channel attacks, etc. Here, we present a novel approach for IP protection based on logic encryption (LE). Unlike established schemes…

The high rate of development of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has brought to attention new challenges in the area of data security, especially within the resource-limited realm of RFID tags, sensors, and embedded systems. Traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Brahim Khalil Sedraoui , Abdelmadjid Benmachiche , Amina Makhlouf

Universal Circuits (UCs) offer a promising approach to hardware Intellectual Property (IP) obfuscation, leveraging cryptographic principles to hide both structure and function in a programmable logic fabric. Their adaptability makes them…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Zain Ul Abideen , Deepali Garg , Lawrence Pileggi , Samuel Pagliarini

Globalization of IC manufacturing has led to increased security concerns, notably IP theft. Several logic locking techniques have been developed for protecting designs, but they typically display very large overhead, and are generally…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Joseph Sweeney , Mohammed Zackriya , Samuel Pagliarini , Lawrence Pileggi

Logic locking proposed to protect integrated circuits from serious hardware threats has been studied extensively over a decade. In these years, many efficient logic locking techniques have been proven to be broken. The state-of-the-art…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Levent Aksoy , Muhammad Yasin , Samuel Pagliarini

Numerous security threats are emerging from untrusted players in the integrated circuit (IC) ecosystem. Among them, reverse engineering practices with the intent to counterfeit, overproduce, or modify an IC are worrying. In recent years,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Giorgi Basiashvili , Zain Ul Abideen , Samuel Pagliarini

Logic locking has emerged as a promising solution for protecting the semiconductor intellectual Property (IP) from the untrusted entities in the design and fabrication process. Logic locking hides the functionality of the IP by embedding…

The semiconductor industry is fully globalized and integrated circuits (ICs) are commonly defined, designed and fabricated in different premises across the world. This reduces production costs, but also exposes ICs to supply chain attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-31 Vasilios Mavroudis , Andrea Cerulli , Petr Svenda , Dan Cvrcek , Dusan Klinec , George Danezis

Under the emerging network coding paradigm, intermediate nodes in the network are allowed not only to store and forward packets but also to process and mix different data flows. We propose a low-complexity cryptographic scheme that exploits…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Joao P. Vilela , Luisa Lima , Joao Barros

Logic locking protects an IC from threats such as piracy of design IP and unauthorized overproduction throughout the IC supply chain. Out of the several techniques proposed by the research community, provably-secure logic locking (PSLL) has…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Satwik Patnaik , Nimisha Limaye , Ozgur Sinanoglu
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