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Autonomous agents and systems cover a number of application areas, from robotics and digital assistants to combinatorial optimization, all sharing common, unresolved research challenges. It is not sufficient for agents to merely solve a…

Over the last years, the number of cyber-attacks on industrial control systems has been steadily increasing. Among several factors, proper software development plays a vital role in keeping these systems secure. To achieve secure software,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Tiago Espinha Gasiba , Ulrike Lechner , Maria Pinto-Albuquerque , Anmoal Porwal

Modern information access ecosystems consist of mixtures of systems, such as retrieval systems and large language models, and increasingly rely on marketplaces to mediate access to models, tools, and data, making competition between systems…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-17 To Eun Kim , Alireza Salemi , Hamed Zamani , Fernando Diaz

AI agents are increasingly deployed in multi-tenant cloud environments, where they execute diverse tool calls within sandboxed containers, each call with distinct resource demands and rapid fluctuations. We present a systematic…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yusheng Zheng , Jiakun Fan , Quanzhi Fu , Yiwei Yang , Wei Zhang , Andi Quinn

Classical coding-theoretic guarantees often rely on trust assumptions, such as requiring sufficiently many honest nodes compared with adversarial ones. These assumptions are difficult to enforce in open decentralized systems where…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hanzaleh Akbari Nodehi , Parsa Moradi , Mohammad Ali Maddah-Ali

Recent advances in frontier large language models have enabled code review agents that operate in open-ended, reasoning-intensive settings. However, the lack of standardized benchmarks and granular evaluation protocols makes it difficult to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Kristen Pereira , Neelabh Sinha , Rajat Ghosh , Debojyoti Dutta

(M)LLM-powered computer use agents (CUA) are emerging as a transformative technique to automate human-computer interaction. However, existing CUA benchmarks predominantly target GUI agents, whose evaluation methods are susceptible to UI…

The emergence of Agentic AI systems has outpaced the architectural thinking required to operate them effectively. These agents differ fundamentally from traditional software: their behavior is not fixed at deployment but continuously shaped…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Shaunak Biswas , Hiya Bhatt , Karthik Vaidhyanathan

We introduce Arena, a toolkit for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) research. In MARL, it usually requires customizing observations, rewards and actions for each agent, changing cooperative-competitive agent-interaction, and playing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Qing Wang , Jiechao Xiong , Lei Han , Meng Fang , Xinghai Sun , Zhuobin Zheng , Peng Sun , Zhengyou Zhang

Large language models are rapidly changing how learners acquire and demonstrate cybersecurity skills. However, when human--AI collaboration is allowed, educators still lack validated competition designs and evaluation practices that remain…

We introduce PARC, a coding agent for the autonomous and robust execution of long-horizon computational tasks. PARC is built on a hierarchical multi-agent architecture incorporating task planning, execution, and a mechanism that evaluates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Yuki Orimo , Iori Kurata , Hodaka Mori , Ryuhei Okuno , Ryohto Sawada , Daisuke Okanohara

Many-core co-design is a complex task in which application complexity design space, heterogeneous many-core architecture design space, parallel programming language design space, simulator design space and optimizer design space should get…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-05 Dhanasekar , Anirudh Seshadri , Sudharshan Srinivasan , Suryanarayanan , Akash Sridhar

To address security and safety risks stemming from highly capable artificial intelligence (AI) models, we propose that the US government should ensure compute providers implement Know-Your-Customer (KYC) schemes. Compute - the computational…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Janet Egan , Lennart Heim

The emergence of large reasoning models demonstrates that scaling inference-time compute significantly enhances performance on complex tasks. However, it often falls into another trap: overthinking simple problems, where repetitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Siye Wu , Jian Xie , Yikai Zhang , Yanghua Xiao

A diverse array of reasoning strategies has been proposed to elicit the capabilities of large language models. However, in this paper, we point out that traditional evaluations which focus solely on performance metrics miss a key factor:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Junlin Wang , Siddhartha Jain , Dejiao Zhang , Baishakhi Ray , Varun Kumar , Ben Athiwaratkun

Effective prompt design is essential for improving the planning capabilities of large language model (LLM)-driven agents. However, existing structured prompting strategies are typically limited to single-agent, plan-only settings, and often…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Bruce Yang , Xinfeng He , Huan Gao , Yifan Cao , Xiaofan Li , David Hsu

Existing AI benchmarks for software automation rarely combine cross-application coordination, autonomous API discovery, and policy adherence. Real business workflows demand all three: a single task may span a CRM, inbox, calendar, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Daniel Shepard , Robin Salimans

Traditional approaches to the design of multi-agent navigation algorithms consider the environment as a fixed constraint, despite the obvious influence of spatial constraints on agents' performance. Yet hand-designing improved environment…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Zhan Gao , Amanda Prorok

Variational quantum circuits (VQCs) constitute a central building block of near-term quantum machine learning (QML), yet the principled design of expressive and trainable architectures remains a major open challenge. The VQC design space…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Marco Knipfer , Alexander Roman , Konstantin T. Matchev , Katia Matcheva , Sergei Gleyzer

A practical challenge in reinforcement learning are combinatorial action spaces that make planning computationally demanding. For example, in cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning, a potentially large number of agents jointly…