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Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used in generative applications such as chatting, code generation, and reasoning. However, many realworld workloads such as classification, question answering, recommendation, and text embedding rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Dinghong Song , Yuan Feng , Yiwei Wang , Shangye Chen , Cyril Guyot , Filip Blagojevic , Hyeran Jeon , Pengfei Su , Dong Li

Recently, several studies have shown that utilizing contextual information to perceive target states is crucial for object tracking. They typically capture context by incorporating multiple video frames. However, these naive frame-context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Chenlong Xu , Bineng Zhong , Qihua Liang , Yaozong Zheng , Guorong Li , Shuxiang Song

Large language models trained on vast corpora inherently risk memorizing sensitive or harmful content, which may later resurface in their outputs. Prevailing unlearning methods generally rely on gradient ascent and its variants to lower the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Kemou Li , Qizhou Wang , Yue Wang , Fengpeng Li , Jun Liu , Bo Han , Jiantao Zhou

We propose Concept Tokens, a lightweight method that adds a new special token to a pretrained LLM and learns only its embedding from multiple natural language definitions of a target concept, where occurrences of the concept are replaced by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Ignacio Sastre , Aiala Rosá

Recent advancements in massively multilingual machine translation systems have significantly enhanced translation accuracy; however, even the best performing systems still generate hallucinations, severely impacting user trust. Detecting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Kenza Benkirane , Laura Gongas , Shahar Pelles , Naomi Fuchs , Joshua Darmon , Pontus Stenetorp , David Ifeoluwa Adelani , Eduardo Sánchez

We present a novel non attention based architecture for large language models (LLMs) that efficiently handles very long context windows, on the order of hundreds of thousands to potentially millions of tokens. Unlike traditional Transformer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Andrew Kiruluta , Preethi Raju , Priscilla Burity

Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) offer transformative potential for high-stakes domains like finance and law, but their tendency to hallucinate, generating factually incorrect or unsupported content, poses a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Ahmad Pesaranghader , Erin Li

Recent advancements in large vision-language models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive capability in visual information understanding with human language. Despite these advances, LVLMs still face challenges with multimodal hallucination,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Zongbo Han , Zechen Bai , Haiyang Mei , Qianli Xu , Changqing Zhang , Mike Zheng Shou

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive text generation capabilities, they are easily misled by untruthful contexts provided by users or knowledge augmentation tools, leading to hallucinations. To alleviate LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Tian Yu , Shaolei Zhang , Yang Feng

The widespread success of large language models (LLMs) on NLP benchmarks has been accompanied by concerns that LLMs function primarily as stochastic parrots that reproduce texts similar to what they saw during pre-training, often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Ziling Cheng , Meng Cao , Marc-Antoine Rondeau , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung

In-context learning of large-language models (LLMs) has achieved remarkable success in the field of natural language processing, while extensive case studies reveal that the single-step chain-of-thought prompting approach faces challenges…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Yuanzhen Xie , Xinzhou Jin , Tao Xie , MingXiong Lin , Liang Chen , Chenyun Yu , Lei Cheng , ChengXiang Zhuo , Bo Hu , Zang Li

Text embeddings from PLM-based models enable a wide range of applications, yet their performance often degrades on longer texts. In this paper, we introduce a phenomenon we call Length Collapse, where embeddings of longer texts tend to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yuqi Zhou , Sunhao Dai , Zhanshuo Cao , Xiao Zhang , Jun Xu

Spatial reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs) is the foundation for embodied intelligence. However, even in simple maze environments, LLMs still encounter challenges in long-term path-planning, primarily influenced by their spatial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Hourui Deng , Hongjie Zhang , Jie Ou , Chaosheng Feng

End-to-end training of Spoken Language Models (SLMs) commonly involves adapting pre-trained text-based Large Language Models (LLMs) to the speech modality through multi-stage training on diverse tasks such as ASR, TTS and spoken question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Chi-Yuan Hsiao , Ke-Han Lu , Kai-Wei Chang , Chih-Kai Yang , Wei-Chih Chen , Hung-yi Lee

Integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with Reinforcement Learning (RL) can enhance autonomous driving (AD) performance in complex scenarios. However, current LLM-Dominated RL methods over-rely on LLM outputs, which are prone to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Zhiwen Chen , Bo Leng , Zhuoren Li , Hanming Deng , Guizhe Jin , Ran Yu , Huanxi Wen

Inductive reasoning is a core problem-solving capacity: humans can identify underlying principles from a few examples, which robustly generalize to novel scenarios. Recent work evaluates large language models (LLMs) on inductive reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Ruocheng Wang , Eric Zelikman , Gabriel Poesia , Yewen Pu , Nick Haber , Noah D. Goodman

Existing Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) primarily align image features of vision encoder with Large Language Models (LLMs) to leverage their superior text generation capabilities. However, the scale disparity between vision encoder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Shi Liu , Kecheng Zheng , Wei Chen

End-to-end Task-Oriented Dialog (TOD) systems typically require extensive training datasets to perform well. In contrast, large language model (LLM) based TOD systems can excel even with limited data due to their ability to learn tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Vishal Vivek Saley , Rocktim Jyoti Das , Dinesh Raghu , Mausam

While large language models (LLMs) excel in mathematical and code reasoning, we observe they struggle with social reasoning tasks, exhibiting cognitive confusion, logical inconsistencies, and conflation between objective world states and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Jialu Du , Guiyang Hou , Yihui Fu , Chen Wu , Wenqi Zhang , Yongliang Shen , Weiming Lu

As the foundational architecture of modern machine learning, Transformers have driven remarkable progress across diverse AI domains. Despite their transformative impact, a persistent challenge across various Transformers is Attention Sink…