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While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive reasoning capabilities, growing evidence suggests much of their success stems from memorized answer-reasoning patterns rather than genuine inference. In this work, we investigate a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yang Wu , Yifan Zhang , Yiwei Wang , Yujun Cai , Yurong Wu , Yuran Wang , Ning Xu , Jian Cheng

Attention sinks -- tokens that receive disproportionate attention mass -- are assumed to be functionally important in autoregressive language models, but their role in diffusion transformers remains unclear. We present a causal analysis in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Fangzheng Wu , Brian Summa

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable progress in leveraging diverse knowledge sources. This study investigates how nine widely used LLMs allocate knowledge between local context and global parameters when answering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Yufei Tao , Adam Hiatt , Erik Haake , Antonie J. Jetter , Ameeta Agrawal

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit substantially shorter effective context lengths than their claimed capacities, especially when handling complex reasoning tasks that require integrating information from multiple parts of a long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Yuwei Zhang , Jayanth Srinivasa , Gaowen Liu , Jingbo Shang

Recent Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) have demonstrated strong capability in video understanding, yet they still suffer from hallucinations. Existing mitigation methods typically rely on training, input modification, auxiliary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zijian Liu , Sihan Cao , Pengcheng Zheng , Kuien Liu , Caiyan Qin , Xiaolin Qin , Jiwei Wei , Chaoning Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a cornerstone in real-world applications with lengthy streaming inputs (e.g., LLM-driven agents). However, existing LLMs, pre-trained on sequences with a restricted maximum length, cannot process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Chaojun Xiao , Pengle Zhang , Xu Han , Guangxuan Xiao , Yankai Lin , Zhengyan Zhang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising efficacy across various tasks, becoming powerful tools in numerous aspects of human life. However, Transformer-based LLMs suffer a performance degradation when modeling long-term contexts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Weiyao Luo , Suncong Zheng , Heming Xia , Weikang Wang , Yan Lei , Tianyu Liu , Shuang Chen , Zhifang Sui

The development of Long-Context Large Language Models (LLMs) has markedly advanced natural language processing by facilitating the process of textual data across long documents and multiple corpora. However, Long-Context LLMs still face two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Jingyang Deng , Zhengyang Shen , Boyang Wang , Lixin Su , Suqi Cheng , Ying Nie , Junfeng Wang , Dawei Yin , Jinwen Ma

As large language models (LLMs) are applied across diverse domains, the ability to selectively unlearn specific information is becoming increasingly essential. For instance, LLMs are expected to selectively provide confidential information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shota Takashiro , Takeshi Kojima , Andrew Gambardella , Qi Cao , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo

Large language models (LLMs) are often fine-tuned for use on downstream tasks, though this can degrade capabilities learned during previous training. This phenomenon, often referred to as catastrophic forgetting, has important potential…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Megan Ung , Alicia Sun , Samuel J. Bell , Bhaktipriya Radharapu , Levent Sagun , Adina Williams

Large Language Models (LLMs) with extended context lengths face significant computational challenges during the pre-filling phase, primarily due to the quadratic complexity of self-attention. Existing methods typically employ dynamic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yu Zhang , Dong Guo , Fang Wu , Guoliang Zhu , Dian Ding , Yiming Zhang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities in visual understanding and reasoning, but they also impose significant computational burdens due to long visual sequence inputs. Recent works address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Rinyoichi Takezoe , Yaqian Li , Zihao Bo , Anzhou Hou , Mo Guang , Kaiwen Long

Large language models (LLMs) now support extremely long context windows, but the quadratic complexity of vanilla attention results in significantly long Time-to-First-Token (TTFT) latency. Existing approaches to address this complexity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Qianchao Zhu , Jiangfei Duan , Chang Chen , Siran Liu , Guanyu Feng , Xin Lv , Xiao Chuanfu , Dahua Lin , Chao Yang

Knowledge Tracing (KT) aims to determine whether students will respond correctly to the next question, which is a crucial task in intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). In educational KT scenarios, transductive ID-based methods often face…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Lingyue Fu , Hao Guan , Kounianhua Du , Jianghao Lin , Wei Xia , Weinan Zhang , Ruiming Tang , Yasheng Wang , Yong Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) often hallucinate, producing unfaithful or factually incorrect outputs by misrepresenting the provided context or incorrectly recalling internal knowledge. Recent studies have identified specific attention heads…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Aryo Pradipta Gema , Chen Jin , Ahmed Abdulaal , Tom Diethe , Philip Teare , Beatrice Alex , Pasquale Minervini , Amrutha Saseendran

Recently, there has been growing interest in collecting reasoning-intensive pretraining data to improve LLMs' complex reasoning ability. Prior approaches typically rely on supervised classifiers to identify such data, which requires…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Kai Hua , Steven Wu , Ge Zhang , Ke Shen

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit two striking and ostensibly unrelated behaviours: in-context learning (ICL) and repetitive generation. In both, the model behaves as though it had summarised the context into a population-level statistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Haoren Xu , Guanhua Fang

The computational difficulties of large language model (LLM) inference remain a significant obstacle to their widespread deployment. The need for many applications to support long input sequences and process them in large batches typically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Luka Ribar , Ivan Chelombiev , Luke Hudlass-Galley , Charlie Blake , Carlo Luschi , Douglas Orr

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities in visual understanding and description, yet often suffer from hallucinations, attributing incorrect or misleading features to images. We observe that LVLMs…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Sangmin Woo , Donguk Kim , Jaehyuk Jang , Yubin Choi , Changick Kim

As large language models (LLMs) show impressive performance on complex tasks, they still struggle with longer contextual understanding and high computational costs. To balance efficiency and quality, we introduce LLMSteer, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Zhuohan Gu , Jiayi Yao , Kuntai Du , Junchen Jiang