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Biological agents, such as humans and animals, are capable of making decisions out of a very large number of choices in a limited time. They can do so because they use their prior knowledge to find a solution that is not necessarily optimal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Durgakant Pushp , Junhong Xu , Lantao Liu

Embodied long-horizon manipulation requires robotic systems to process multimodal inputs-such as vision and natural language-and translate them into executable actions. However, existing learning-based approaches often depend on large,…

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) provides a promising way for intelligent agents (e.g., autonomous vehicles) to learn to navigate complex scenarios. However, DRL with neural networks as function approximators is typically considered a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Jiachen Li , David Isele , Kanghoon Lee , Jinkyoo Park , Kikuo Fujimura , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

We study lifelong visual perception in an embodied setup, where we develop new models and compare various agents that navigate in buildings and occasionally request annotations which, in turn, are used to refine their visual perception…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 David Nilsson , Aleksis Pirinen , Erik Gärtner , Cristian Sminchisescu

Embodied agents powered by vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly capable of executing complex real-world tasks, yet they remain vulnerable to hazardous instructions that may trigger unsafe behaviors. Runtime safety guardrails,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Le Wang , Zonghao Ying , Xiao Yang , Quanchen Zou , Zhenfei Yin , Tianlin Li , Jian Yang , Yaodong Yang , Aishan Liu , Xianglong Liu

Recent advances in embodied AI highlight the potential of vision language models (VLMs) as agents capable of perception, reasoning, and interaction in complex environments. However, top-performing systems rely on large-scale models that are…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated potential in Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks, yet current applications face challenges. While LLMs excel in general conversation scenarios, they struggle with specialized navigation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Yunzhe Xu , Yiyuan Pan , Zhe Liu , Hesheng Wang

Navigating and understanding complex environments over extended periods of time is a significant challenge for robots. People interacting with the robot may want to ask questions like where something happened, when it occurred, or how long…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Abrar Anwar , John Welsh , Joydeep Biswas , Soha Pouya , Yan Chang

In embodied artificial intelligence, enabling heterogeneous robot teams to execute long-horizon tasks from high-level instructions remains a critical challenge. While large language models (LLMs) show promise in instruction parsing and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Haishan Zeng , Mengna Wang , Peng Li

Embodied navigation agents powered by large language models have shown strong performance on individual tasks but struggle to continually acquire new navigation skills, which suffer from catastrophic forgetting. We formalize this challenge…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Xudong Wang , Jiahua Dong , Baichen Liu , Qi Lyu , Lianqing Liu , Zhi Han

Intelligent control of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) swarms has emerged as a critical research focus, and it typically requires the swarm to navigate effectively while avoiding obstacles and achieving continuous coverage over multiple…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ziyao Wang , Rongpeng Li , Sizhao Li , Yuming Xiang , Haiping Wang , Zhifeng Zhao , Honggang Zhang

Leveraging multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to develop embodied agents offers significant promise for addressing complex real-world tasks. However, current evaluation benchmarks remain predominantly language-centric or heavily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Dwip Dalal , Utkarsh Mishra , Narendra Ahuja , Nebojsa Jojic

Improving the reasoning capabilities of embodied agents is crucial for robots to complete complex human instructions in long-view manipulation tasks successfully. Despite the success of large language models and vision language models based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Jinrui Liu , Bingyan Nie , Boyu Li , Yaran Chen , Yuze Wang , Shunsen He , Haoran Li

The convergence of embodied agents and large language models (LLMs) has brought significant advancements to embodied instruction following. Particularly, the strong reasoning capabilities of LLMs make it possible for robots to perform…

Human-robot collaboration, in which the robot intelligently assists the human with the upcoming task, is an appealing objective. To achieve this goal, the agent needs to be equipped with a fundamental collaborative navigation ability, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Changhao Li , Xinyu Sun , Peihao Chen , Jugang Fan , Zixu Wang , Yanxia Liu , Jinhui Zhu , Chuang Gan , Mingkui Tan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of vision-language tasks. However, their performance as embodied agents, which requires multi-round dialogue spatial reasoning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Xunyi Zhao , Gengze Zhou , Qi Wu

Humans build viewpoint-independent cognitive maps through navigation, enabling intuitive reasoning about object permanence and spatial relations. We argue that multimodal large language models (MLLMs), despite extensive video training, lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jacob Thompson , Emiliano Garcia-Lopez , Yonatan Bisk

Visual reasoning models (VRMs) have recently shown strong cross-modal reasoning capabilities by integrating visual perception with language reasoning. However, they often suffer from overthinking, producing unnecessarily long reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Yixu Huang , Tinghui Zhu , Muhao Chen

Embodied navigation stands as a foundation pillar within the broader pursuit of embodied AI. However, previous navigation research is divided into different tasks/capabilities, e.g., ObjNav, ImgNav and VLN, where they differ in task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Chen Gao , Liankai Jin , Xingyu Peng , Jiazhao Zhang , Yue Deng , Annan Li , He Wang , Si Liu

Future robotic systems operating in real-world environments will require on-board embodied intelligence without continuous cloud connection, balancing capabilities with constraints on computational power and memory. This work presents an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Liam Boyle , Nicolas Baumann , Paviththiren Sivasothilingam , Michele Magno , Luca Benini