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Building Large Language Model agents that expand their capabilities by interacting with external tools represents a new frontier in AI research and applications. In this paper, we introduce InfoAgent, a deep research agent powered by an…

Recent advances in deep-research systems have demonstrated the potential for AI agents to autonomously discover and synthesize knowledge from external sources. In this paper, we introduce WebResearcher, a novel framework for building such…

We introduce Agentic Reasoning, a framework that enhances large language model (LLM) reasoning by integrating external tool-using agents. Agentic Reasoning dynamically leverages web search, code execution, and structured memory to address…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Junde Wu , Jiayuan Zhu , Yuyuan Liu , Min Xu , Yueming Jin

The hallmark of Deep Research agents lies in compositional reasoning, the capacity to aggregate distributed, heterogeneous information into coherent logical insights. However, current agentic systems are often retrieval-heavy but…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Rui Wang , Ce Zhang , Jun-Yu Ma , Jianshu Zhang , Hongru Wang , Yi Chen , Boyang Xue , Tianqing Fang , Zhisong Zhang , Hongming Zhang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu , Kam-Fai Wong

Information retrieval is a cornerstone of modern knowledge acquisition, enabling billions of queries each day across diverse domains. However, traditional keyword-based search engines are increasingly inadequate for handling complex,…

As scientific literature grows rapidly, automated survey generation has become a key capability for AI scientists and human researchers. However, existing systems suffer from limited analytical depth due to reliance on abstracts and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Ziyue Yang , Da Ma , Hanqi Li , Zijian Wang , Tiancheng Huang , Zijian Hu , Chenrun Wang , Yunzhe Zhang , Xiaobao Wu , Kai Yu , Lu Chen

We introduce DeepSearchQA, a 900-prompt benchmark for evaluating agents on difficult multi-step information-seeking tasks across 17 different fields. Unlike traditional benchmarks that target single answer retrieval or broad-spectrum…

Agentic search such as Deep Research systems-where agents autonomously browse the web, synthesize information, and return comprehensive citation-backed answers-represents a major shift in how users interact with web-scale information. While…

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown strong progress on scientific reasoning, yet two major bottlenecks remain. First, explicit retrieval fragments reasoning, imposing a hidden "tool tax" of extra tokens and steps. Second,…

RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) systems and web agents are increasingly evaluated on multi-hop deep search tasks, yet current practice suffers from two major limitations. First, most benchmarks leak the reasoning path in the question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Maojia Song , Renhang Liu , Xinyu Wang , Yong Jiang , Pengjun Xie , Fei Huang , Jingren Zhou , Dorien Herremans , Soujanya Poria

With the emergence of search-enabled generative QA systems, users are increasingly turning to tools that browse, aggregate, and reconcile evidence across multiple sources on their behalf. Yet many widely used QA benchmarks remain answerable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Preetam Prabhu Srikar Dammu , Arnav Palkhiwala , Tanya Roosta , Chirag Shah

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has driven the development of agentic systems capable of autonomously performing complex tasks. Despite their impressive capabilities, LLMs remain constrained by their internal knowledge…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Wenlin Zhang , Xiaopeng Li , Yingyi Zhang , Pengyue Jia , Yichao Wang , Huifeng Guo , Yong Liu , Xiangyu Zhao

Deep Research Agents (DRAs) aim to answer complex questions by searching the web, checking evidence, and synthesizing conclusions across heterogeneous sources. We introduce a category-theoretic framework for evaluating and improving such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Shuoling Liu , Zhiquan Tan , Kun Yi , Hui Wu , Yihan Li , Jiangpeng Yan , Liyuan Chen , Kai Chen , Qiang Yang

As agent-based systems continue to evolve, deep research agents are capable of automatically generating research-style reports across diverse domains. While these agents promise to streamline information synthesis and knowledge exploration,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yi Yuan , Xuhong Wang , Shanzhe Lei

Large reasoning models (LRMs), such as OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek-R1, demonstrate impressive long-horizon reasoning capabilities. However, their reliance on static internal knowledge limits their performance on complex, knowledge-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Xiaoxi Li , Jiajie Jin , Guanting Dong , Hongjin Qian , Yongkang Wu , Ji-Rong Wen , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou

Generative search engines and deep research LLM agents promise trustworthy, source-grounded synthesis, yet users regularly encounter overconfidence, weak sourcing, and confusing citation practices. We introduce DeepTRACE, a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Pranav Narayanan Venkit , Philippe Laban , Yilun Zhou , Kung-Hsiang Huang , Yixin Mao , Chien-Sheng Wu

The rapid advancement of large language models has fundamentally shifted the bottleneck in AI development from computational power to data availability-with countless valuable datasets remaining hidden across specialized repositories,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Keyu Li , Mohan Jiang , Dayuan Fu , Yunze Wu , Xiangkun Hu , Dequan Wang , Pengfei Liu

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are being incorporated into scientific research workflows with the potential to enhance efficiency in tasks such as document analysis, question answering (Q&A), and literature search. However, system…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Anthea Dathe , Kiran Hoffmann , Aline Mangold

Legal reasoning requires not only correct outcomes but also procedurally compliant reasoning processes. However, existing methods lack mechanisms to verify intermediate reasoning steps, allowing errors such as inapplicable statute citations…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xinyu Yang , Chenlong Deng , Tongyu Wen , Binyu Xie , Zhicheng Dou

Deep research is an inherently challenging task that demands both breadth and depth of thinking. It involves navigating diverse knowledge spaces and reasoning over complex, multi-step dependencies, which presents substantial challenges for…

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