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Despite significant achievements in improving the instruction-following capabilities of large language models (LLMs), the ability to process multiple potentially entangled or conflicting instructions remains a considerable challenge.…

Effective feedback is essential for refining instructional practices in mathematics education, and researchers often turn to advanced natural language processing (NLP) models to analyze classroom dialogues from multiple perspectives.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Jannatun Naim , Jie Cao , Fareen Tasneem , Jennifer Jacobs , Brent Milne , James Martin , Tamara Sumner

Large language models (LLMs) excel on static benchmarks, but their performance across multi-turn conversations, which better reflect real-world usage, remains understudied. Addressing this gap is critical in high-stakes settings like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kevin H. Guo , Chao Yan , Avinash Baidya , Katherine Brown , Xiang Gao , Juming Xiong , Zhijun Yin , Bradley A. Malin

Current state-of-the-art neural dialogue models learn from human conversations following the data-driven paradigm. As such, a reliable training corpus is the crux of building a robust and well-behaved dialogue model. However, due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-12 Hengyi Cai , Hongshen Chen , Yonghao Song , Cheng Zhang , Xiaofang Zhao , Dawei Yin

Neural Text-to-Speech (TTS) systems find broad applications in voice assistants, e-learning, and audiobook creation. The pursuit of modern models, like Diffusion Models (DMs), holds promise for achieving high-fidelity, real-time speech…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Xiang Li , Fan Bu , Ambuj Mehrish , Yingting Li , Jiale Han , Bo Cheng , Soujanya Poria

Despite the rapid progress of open-domain generation-based conversational agents, most deployed systems treat dialogue contexts as single-turns, while systems dealing with multi-turn contexts are less studied. There is a lack of a reliable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Yujie Xing , Jon Atle Gulla

Spontaneous spoken dialogue is often disfluent, containing pauses, hesitations, self-corrections and false starts. Processing such phenomena is essential in understanding a speaker's intended meaning and controlling the flow of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Igor Shalyminov , Arash Eshghi , Oliver Lemon

We study the problem of response selection for multi-turn conversation in retrieval-based chatbots. The task requires matching a response candidate with a conversation context, whose challenges include how to recognize important parts of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-11-01 Yu Wu , Wei Wu , Chen Xing , Can Xu , Zhoujun Li , Ming Zhou

Intelligent dialogue systems are increasingly deployed in emotionally and ethically sensitive settings, where failures in either emotional attunement or ethical judgment can cause significant harm. Existing dialogue models typically address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jiawen Deng , Wei Li , Wentao Zhang , Ziyun Jiao , Fuji Ren

Learning sentence embeddings from dialogues has drawn increasing attention due to its low annotation cost and high domain adaptability. Conventional approaches employ the siamese-network for this task, which obtains the sentence embeddings…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Che Liu , Rui Wang , Jinghua Liu , Jian Sun , Fei Huang , Luo Si

In human-computer conversation systems, the context of a user-issued utterance is particularly important because it provides useful background information of the conversation. However, it is unwise to track all previous utterances in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-14 Yiping Song , Lili Mou , Rui Yan , Li Yi , Zinan Zhu , Xiaohua Hu , Ming Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance in zero-shot dialogue state tracking (DST), reducing the need for task-specific training. However, conventional DST benchmarks primarily focus on structured user-agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Sangmin Song , Juhwan Choi , JungMin Yun , YoungBin Kim

In a human-machine dialog scenario, deciding the appropriate time for the machine to take the turn is an open research problem. In contrast, humans engaged in conversations are able to timely decide when to interrupt the speaker for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Andrei C. Coman , Koichiro Yoshino , Yukitoshi Murase , Satoshi Nakamura , Giuseppe Riccardi

Conversational context understanding aims to recognize the real intention of user from the conversation history, which is critical for building the dialogue system. However, the multi-turn conversation understanding in open domain is still…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Shuangyong Song , Chao Wang , Qianqian Xie , Xinxing Zu , Huan Chen , Haiqing Chen

Large language models (LLMs) achieve impressive performance when a task is fully specified in a single turn, yet the same models lose up to 39% of that performance when the identical task is revealed incrementally across multiple turns, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Ramakrishna Vamsi Setti , Jagadeesh Rachapudi , Sachin Chaudhary , Praful Hambarde , Amit Shukla

Task-oriented dialogue systems aim to help users achieve their goals in specific domains. Recent neural dialogue systems use the entire dialogue history for abundant contextual information accumulated over multiple conversational turns.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Hyunmin Jeon , Gary Geunbae Lee

Existing benchmarks that assess Language Models (LMs) as Language Agents (LAs) for tool use primarily focus on stateless, single-turn interactions or partial evaluations, such as tool selection in a single turn, overlooking the inherent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Hongru Wang , Wenyu Huang , Yufei Wang , Yuanhao Xi , Jianqiao Lu , Huan Zhang , Nan Hu , Zeming Liu , Jeff Z. Pan , Kam-Fai Wong

Document-level neural machine translation has yielded attractive improvements. However, majority of existing methods roughly use all context sentences in a fixed scope. They neglect the fact that different source sentences need different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Xiaomian Kang , Yang Zhao , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

This survey examines evaluation methods for large language model (LLM)-based agents in multi-turn conversational settings. Using a PRISMA-inspired framework, we systematically reviewed nearly 250 scholarly sources, capturing the state of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Shengyue Guan , Jindong Wang , Jiang Bian , Bin Zhu , Jian-guang Lou , Haoyi Xiong

Instructions-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) gained recently huge popularity thanks to their ability to interact with users through conversation. In this work we aim to evaluate their ability to complete multi-turn tasks and interact…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Vojtěch Hudeček , Ondřej Dušek