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The derivative of a polynomial with all zeros on the unit circle has the zeros of its derivative on or inside the unit circle. It has been observed that in many cases the zeros of the derivative have a bimodal distribution: there are two…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-02-20 David W. Farmer

We consider numerical schemes for root finding of noisy responses through generalizing the Probabilistic Bisection Algorithm (PBA) to the more practical context where the sampling distribution is unknown and location-dependent. As in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-03 Sergio Rodriguez , Michael Ludkovski

We introduce a new model for sums of exchangeable binary random variables. The proposed distribution is an approximation to the exact distributional form, and relies on the theory of completely monotone functions and the Laplace transform…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-18 Ryan Elmore

The beta distribution is a basic distribution serving several purposes. It is used to model data, and also, as a more flexible version of the uniform distribution, it serves as a prior distribution for a binomial probability. The bivariate…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-09-17 Ingram Olkin , Thomas A. Trikalinos

We introduce the notion of logarithmically concave (or log-concave) sequences in Coding Theory. A sequence $a_0, a_1, \dots, a_n$ of real numbers is called log-concave if $a_i^2 \ge a_{i-1}a_{i+1}$ for all $1 \le i \le n-1$. A natural…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Minjia Shi , Xuan Wang , Junmin An , Jon-Lark Kim

The theory of log concave polynomials has recently been developed to study objects and problems in combinatorics and other subfields in mathematics. Particular classes of log concave polynomials called Lorentzian polynomials and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Jonathan Leake , Maryam Mohammadi Yekta

If the coefficients of polynomials are selected by some random process, the zeros of the resulting polynomials are in some sense random. In this paper the author rephrases the above in more precise language, and calculates the joint…

Probability · Mathematics 2012-11-26 Kerry M. Soileau

We prove limit theorems for the greatest common divisor and the least common multiple of random integers. While the case of integers uniformly distributed on a hypercube with growing size is classical, we look at the uniform distribution on…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-27 Alexander Iksanov , Alexander Marynych , Kilian Raschel

We give a new proof that the empirical measures of the roots of Eulerian polynomials converge to a certain log-Cauchy distribution. To do so, we show that each moment of the roots of a related family of polynomials not only converge, but in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-14 Paul Melotti

Given a graph $G$, its genus polynomial is $\Gamma_G(x) = \sum_{k\geq 0} g_k(G)x^k$, where $g_k(G)$ is the number of 2-cell embeddings of $G$ in an orientable surface of genus $k$. The Log-Concavity Genus Distribution (LCGD) Conjecture…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-21 MacKenzie Carr , Varpreet Dhaliwal , Bojan Mohar

This paper studies distributionally robust optimization for a rich class of risk measures with ambiguity sets defined by $\phi$-divergences. The risk measures are allowed to be non-linear in probabilities, are represented by Choquet…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-15 Guanyu Jin , Roger J. A. Laeven , Dick den Hertog

We obtain the asymptotic variance, as the degree goes to infinity, of the normalized number of real roots of a square Kostlan-Shub-Smale random polynomial system of any size. Our main tools are the Kac-Rice formula for the second factorial…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-05-01 Diego Armentano , Jean-Marc Azaïs , Federico Dalmao , José R. León

Suppose $C \subset \mathbb{C}$ is compact. Let $q_k$ be a sequence of polynomials of degree $n_k \to \infty$, such that the locus of roots of all the polynomials is bounded, and the number of roots of $q_k$ in any closed set $L$ not meeting…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2024-04-08 Christian Henriksen , Carsten Lunde Petersen , Eva Uhre

We analyse uniform random cubic rooted planar maps and obtain limiting distributions for several parameters of interest. From the enumerative point of view, we present a unified approach for the enumeration of several classes of cubic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-04 Michael Drmota , Marc Noy , Clément Requilé , Juanjo Rué

The well known Erdos-Turan law states that the logarithm of an order of a random permutation is asymptotically normally distributed. The aim of this work is to estimate convergence rate in this theorem and also to prove analogous result for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-01-14 Vytas Zacharovas

We prove the following type of discrete entropy monotonicity for sums of isotropic, log-concave, independent and identically distributed random vectors $X_1,\dots,X_{n+1}$ on $\mathbb{Z}^d$: $$ H(X_1+\cdots+X_{n+1}) \geq H(X_1+\cdots+X_{n})…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-18 Matthieu Fradelizi , Lampros Gavalakis , Martin Rapaport

A test of the concavity of a distribution function with support contained in the unit interval may be based on a statistic constructed from the $L^p$-norm of the difference between an empirical distribution function and its least concave…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-01-25 Brendan K. Beare

We propose a framework to study models of computation of indeterministic data, represented by abstract "distributions". In these distributions, probabilities are replaced by "amplitudes" drawn from a fixed semi-ring $S$, of which the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-12-24 Niel de Beaudrap

If $p:\mathbb{C} \to \mathbb{C}$ is a non-constant polynomial, the Gauss--Lucas theorem asserts that its critical points are contained in the convex hull of its roots. We consider the case when $p$ is a random polynomial of degree $n$ with…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Sean O'Rourke , Noah Williams

We provide new results concerning label efficient, polynomial time, passive and active learning of linear separators. We prove that active learning provides an exponential improvement over PAC (passive) learning of homogeneous linear…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-04-29 Maria Florina Balcan , Philip M. Long